工业4.0时代菲律宾技术和职业教育与培训.pdf

Contents Tables, Figures, and Boxes iv Foreword by the Vice-President, Asian Development Bank ix Foreword by the Director General, Technical Education and Skills Development Authority x Acknowledgments xi Contributors xiii Abbreviations xv Executive Summary xvii Part I. Economic and Labor Market Context 1 1. Structural Transformation in the Philippines 2 2. Labor Market Diagnostics 21 3. Industry 4.0 and the Changing Demand for Labor 45 4. Impact of COVID-19 on the Labor Market 67 Part II. Technical and Vocational Education and Training and the Education System in the Philippines 85 5. Technical and Vocational Education and Training Provision in the Context of Industry 4.0 86 6. Education System Reforms and the Implications for Technical and Vocational 102 Education and Training 7. Technical and Vocational Education and Training Trends Over the Last Decade 114 Part III. Empirical Findings for Technical and Vocational Education and Training Performance