08职称英语卫生b级练习：概括大意.docx

08 职称英语卫生 B 级练习： 概括大意 本部分为 1 篇 300~450 词的短文，有两项测试任务： (1) 短文后 有6个段落小标题，应试者根据文章的内容为其中指定的 4 个段落各 选择一个正确的小标题； (2)短文后有 4个不完整的句子， 应试者在所 提供的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项分别完成句子。 Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem on a smaller scale, faces practically every company to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas. When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money. Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, andnationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his/her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to