参考大一下课件外教2014-4-18.ppt

Splanchnology Satya Mallu, MD 2014-4-18 Alimentary system Digestive tubes Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Digestive glands Major salivary glands Liver pancreas Pharynx Appearance: A fibromuscular tube, part of digestive and respiratory systems Location: Extends from base of skull to the inferior border of cricoid cartilage (lower border of C6 level) Divisions: 3 sections: 1. Nasopharynx 2. Oropharynx 3. Laryngopharynx/Hypopharynx 1.choanea: junction between nasopharync and nasal cavity proper. 2.Pharyngeal Isthmus: communication between nasopharynx and oropharynx 3.The auditory tube/Pharyngotympanic Tube: connects nasopharynx with tympanic cavity Pharynx 4.Isthmus of fauces/Faucial(oropharyngeal isthmus): communication between oral cavity and oropharynx Pharynx 5.Laryngo pharynx is continuous with the esophagus Pharynx Stomach Stomach Stomach Appearance: J-shaped portion of the foregut, muscular dilated tube. Location: Extends from the left upper quadrant downwards, forwards and to the right, lying in the left hypochondriac, epigastric and umbilical areas. Divisions: 4 sections: 1. Cardia 2. Fundus 3. Body 4. Pylorus 2 Sphincters: 1. Esophageal sphincter 2. Pyloric sphincter 2 Curvatures: 1. Greater 2. Lesser Stomach Stomach Liver Liver Appearance: Triangular shaped, soft pinkish-brown organ Location: In the Right Upper Quadrant of the abdominal cavity, resting just below the Diaphragm and attached by the Coronary Ligaments. Divisions: 1. Lobes 2. Ligaments 3. Surfaces 4. Portal Triad Liver 1. Lobes: Right Lobe Left Lobe Quadrate Lobe Caudate Lobe Liver 2. Ligaments: Falciform Ligament: between the right and left lobes of the liver and the anterior abdominal wall Ligamentum Teres: within the falciform ligament Liver 3. Surfaces: a) Diaphragmatic surface: in th