2021年自考模拟英美文学选读要点总结整理出考点26位作家完整.doc

英美文学选读要点总结精心整顿(只考26位作家) [英国』Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴1. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴核心。2. the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴来源是由于古希腊罗马文明基本是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection，and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question，explore，and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充分论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，并且世界是属于她们，供她们怀疑，摸索以及享有。4. Thomas More，Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义代表。5. Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克十四行诗引进英国。6. The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation.英国文艺复兴初期只是一种学习模仿与同化阶段。7. The goals of humanistic poetry are：skillful handling of conventions，force of language，and，above all，the development of a rhetorical plan in which meter，rhyme，scheme，imagery and argument should all be combined to frame the emotional theme and throw it into high relief.人文主义诗歌重要目的是对老式习俗纯熟运用，语言力度与气概，而最重要是发展了修辞模式，即将格律，韵脚（式），组织构造，意象（比喻，描述）与议论都结合起来勾画出情感主题，并将其极为鲜明生动体现出来。8. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe，William Shakespeare，and Ben Jonson.文艺复兴时期英国最知名戏剧家有克利斯朵夫.马洛，威廉.莎士比亚与本.约翰逊。9. Francis Bacon (1561-1626)，the first important English essayist.费兰西斯.培根是英国历史上最重要散文家。(III)William Shakespeare威廉.莎士比亚17. The first period of his dramatic career，he wrote five history plays：Henry VI，Parts I，II，and III，Richard III，and Titus Andronicus；and four comedies：The Comedy of Errors，The Two Gentlemen of Verona，The Taming of the Shrew，and Love’s Labour’s Lost.在她戏剧创作生涯第一种阶段，她创作了五部历史剧：《亨利六世》，《理查三世》，《泰托斯.安东尼》以及四部喜剧：《错误戏剧》，《维洛那二绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱徒劳