高考英语语法必考考点动词时态和语态含解析.docVIP

2019 年高考英语语法必考考点（ 7）：动词时态和语态含分析 【考点解读】 一、动词的时态 1．一般此刻时 (1) 表示常常性、习惯性的动作和此刻的状态、特点。句中常用  often,  usually,  every day 等时间状语。 Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. 表示客观事实、广泛真谛或自然现象，不论在什么状况下都用一般此刻时表示。 “Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say，“ because every step shows.” — So what is the procedure? — All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用此刻时取代未来时。 表示按计划、 时辰表规定要发生的动作， 但限于少量动词。 如 begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close 等。 The flight takes off at 2  ： 30 every Wednesday and Friday. 2．一般过去时 (1) 表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用  ( 或上下文语境有暗 示) ；用于表示过去的习惯；表示说话人本来没有想到、想到的事。 I didn ’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. Michael ’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. (2) 注意句型： was/were about to do ... when ... 中 when 后从句的动词用过去式。 I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 3．此刻达成时 常用的时间状语有： so far, recently, lately, once/twice/three ...times, before, ever, by now, in the last/past few years, over a long time, up yet, already, just, since 等。主要用于以下几种状况：  to now, 表示过去发生的某一动作对此刻造成的影响或结果。 — Look! Somebody has cleaned the sofa. —Well, it wasn ’t me. I didn ’t do it. 表示从过去某一时间开始向来连续到此刻的动作或状态。 They have been good friends since they met at a meeting. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet has been made into at least ten different films over the past years. 以下句型中常用此刻达成时。 It is (has been)＋一段时间＋ since 从句 This (That/It) is the first (second ...) time ＋ that 从句 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. ②在条件、时间、退步状语从句中，表示未来某时从前已达成的动作。 — When shall we restart our business? — Not until we have finished our plan. 4．过去达成时 过去某一时间或某一动作前已达成的动作或存在的状态。过去某一时间的动作或状 态连续到过去另一时间，还