自考-现代语言学-每章要点总结.pdfVIP

第一章 绪论 学 ） neurological linguistics, abstract linguistic system different languages and that （神经语言学） mathematical shared by all the members of the same sound may be used 1/ What is linguistics? 什么是语言学？ linguistics, （数 字 语 言 学 ） a speech community, to refer to different objects is and parole refers to the another good example. Linguistics is generally and computational linguistics. realization of langue in actual Although language is （计算机语言学） defined as the scientific study use. arbitrary by nature, it is not of language. It studies not any 3/ Some important distinctions Saussure made the entirely arbitrary. Some words, particular language, but in linguistics distinction in order to single such as the words created in languages in general. 语言学研究中的几对基本概 out one aspect of language for the imitation of sounds by 2/ The scope of linguistics 念 serious study. He believes sounds are motivated in a 语言学的研究范畴 what linguists should do is to certain degree. The arbitrary The study of language as a abstract langue from parole, to nature of language