最新英文班水电解质授课精品ppt课件备课讲稿.ppt

;伴有水、电和酸、碱紊乱的程度 1 存在严重的脱水,如何补液？ 2 第三间隙的液体急剧积聚，何为第三间隙？ 3 Na+ 155mmol/l, Cl- 115mmol/l, K + 6.5mmol/l, Ca 1.0mmmol/l，如何纠正？ 4 伴有代谢性酸中毒、呼吸性碱中毒，如何处理？ ;Non-function: Fluids in cavity in normal status.Including cerebrospinal ,joint,pericardium and abdominal cavity fluids.;Third Space;Distribution: exudates in burns; ascites; soft tissue injuries. bowel wall;peritoneum;infected lesions. Attention: not confused with the nonfunctioning components from interstitial fluid. ;The Concept of Osmotic Pressure; ; ;Plasma Osmotic Pressure;Relation between Osmotic pressure and distribution of body fluid;Plasmatic Colloid OP：Plasma protein contributes a force leading to distribution of ECF Interstitial Crystal OP：Contributes to the shift of extracellular and intracellular water;Plasma;The Regulation of Body Fluid Balance;;Maintaining the concentration & Integral dose of natrium: ; Volume regulation(Blood-volume );Classification of body fluid change(Four Types); ;Composition Changes Acid-base disturbances Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium abnormalities;Volume Changes;Isotonic ECF deficit;Etiologies ( Acute ) External-losses: gastrointestinal fluids due to vomiting, nasogastic suction, diarrhea, and digestive tract fistula;Internal-losses :sequestration (Third Space） Soft tissue injuries and infection, burns Intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal inflammation intestinal obstruction, bowel wall,peritonitis;; ; Moderate Severe CV Orthostatic hypotension Cutaneous lividity Tachycardia Hypotension Collapsed veins Distant heart sounds Collapsing pulse Cold extremities Tissue signs Soft,small tongue Atonic muscles longitudinal wrinkling Sunken eyes Decreased skin turgor(充盈) Metablism Temperature Temperature ;Isotonic ECF deficitDiagnosis;Laboratory I