数学物理方法Mechanics_L1.pdfVIP

分析力学 Analytical Mechanics 刘军丰 liu.jf@sustc.edu.cn Lecture 1 1. What is analytical mechanics? What is the difference between Newton’s mechanics and analytical mechanics? 2. Why do we need analytical mechanics？ History of Mechanics 亚里士多德 Aristotle The Mechanics began with Aristotle’s mistakes: 1, A heavier body falls faster than a lighter body. 2, A body moves just because it is pushed by a force. Now we can see that the conclution is somewhat intuitive! History of Mechanics 伽利略 Galileo Galileo started to study the mechanics by means of real scientific methods: logical deduction and experiment. 1, A heavier body falls as fast as a lighter body do. 2, A free particle will remain at rest or moving with a constant velocity. 3, Galileo’s relativity principle Galileo’s thought experiment ( 思想实验) Does a heavier body fall faster than a lighter body? Galileo’s thought experiment ( 思想实验) Conclusion: A heavier body falls as fast as a lighter body do. Galileo’s thought experiment ( 思想实验) Conclusion: A free particle will remain at rest or moving with a constant velocity. Galileo’s thought experiment ( 思想实验) Galileo’s relativity principle (伽利略相对性原理) History of Mechanics 牛顿 Newton Newton‘s famous three laws of motion totally built up the classical mechanics. F ma （矢量力学） Newton‘s law of gravity settled up the cosmography (宇宙学).