2022年自考00522英语国家概况核心考点资料.pdf免费

2022 年自考 00522 英语国家概况核心考点资料 第一章 国土与人民 1. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ire land. 官方名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 2. Great Britain is the largest island in Europe. It is made up of England, Scotland, and Wales. Together with Northern lreland, it forms the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 大不列颠是欧洲最大的岛屿,由英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成。它和北爱尔兰-起构成了大不 列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The capital of the UK is London. 伦敦是英国的首都。 4. The UK is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel. 英国与其他欧洲地区之间隔着英吉利海峡。 5. The Thames and the Severn are the longest rivers in Britain and are almost equal in length. 泰晤士河和塞文河是英国最长的河流,在长度上基本持平。 6. The UK has a maritime climate. 英国属于海洋性气候。 第二章 英国的起源 1. The first known settlers of Britain were the Iberians. 伊比利亚人是英国最早的定居者。 2. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion. The Romans brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain. 有记载的英国历史始于罗马人的人侵。罗马人把基督教这一新宗教带人英国。 3. In 597, Pope Gregory I sent St. Augustine, the Prior of St. Andrew ’s Monastery in Rome, to England to convert the heathen English to Christianity. St. Augustine became the first Archbishop of Canterbury. 公元 597 年，教皇格里高利一世把罗马圣安德鲁修道院的副院长圣奥古斯丁派遣到 英格兰，其使命是使异教徒的英国人皈依基督教。圣奥古斯丁成为了第一任坎特伯雷大 主教。 4. Alfred, King of Wesse x , is known as “the father of the British navy” and “Alfred theGreat”. 威塞克斯国王阿尔弗雷德以“英国海军之父”和“阿尔弗雷德大帝而著称。 5. King Edward, known because of his piety as “the Confessor ，seemed more concerned with the building of Westminster Abbey than with affairs of state. 爱德华国王因其对宗教的虔诚而被称为“忏悔者”，并且他对国事的关心似乎远不及 他对修建威斯敏斯特大教堂的关心。 第三章 英国的形成 1. The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He re-placed the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So