Fillers——[造纸 专业英语].pdfVIP

Fillers Introduction The American Heritage dictionary defines filler as ‘something added to augment weight or size or fill space’. Historically, commercial papermakers have used a variety of inexpensive, minimally beneficiated minerals as fillers for economic extension of more costly wood fibre. As such, these fillers played a relatively inconsequential role in contributing specific quality characteristics to the final sheet. However, as paper grades have evolved, the role of mineral fillers has dramatically expanded to contribute specific functionality to final paper grades. In general, this has resulted in a broader offering of mineral products to the papermaker delivering a range of optical and physical properties. Additionally, the use of mineral fillers may significantly impact dynamics on the paper machine itself. For example, the type and level of filler can dramatically affect chemical demand, drainage, speed and drying rates. A basic understanding of the fundamental characteristics of fillers and their resulting impact, both within the paper matrix and on the paper machine, is a critical requirement for cost-effective grade optimization. In simplistic terms, paper may be considered a blend of materials primarily comprising cellulose fibres, minerals and air. The interaction of these materials with one another significantly influences the physical properties of the resulting paper web. Similarly, the interactions of these materials with one another and with light are the primary factors impacting 1 读万卷书 行万里路 scattering and absorption coefficients which often control brightness and opacity development, a