非限定动词学习.pptxVIP

不定式 不定式(infinitive)的用法： 1.作主语： 不定式作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2.作宾语。不定式作主语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。 第1页/共18页 不定式 He wanted to go. I find it interesting to study computer. 3.作宾语补足语。 He asked me to do the homework with him. 注意在feel, hear, listen to, look at , notice, see, watch, make,等词后的宾语补足语中，省略to. 但改为被动要补出to. 第2页/共18页 不定式 The boss made the workers work long hours before liberation. The workers were made to work long hours before liberation. 4.作定语 He needs a room to live in. 第3页/共18页 不定式 I’ve got a letter to write. 5.作状语，表示目的，原因，结果或条件。 I came here to see you. We turned the lights off in order not to waste electricity. Check your homework so as to avoid mistakes.(目的） To look at the puppy, you would like it. （条件） 第4页/共18页 不定式 We were very excited to hear the news.（原因） He hurried to the school to find nobody there.（结果） 6.做表语 My job is to help the patient. To see is to believe. 第5页/共18页 动名词 动名词：动词+ing构成，具有名词和动词的特性，在句中起名词的作用。 1.作主语。 Collecting information is very important to business men. It is no use arguing with him. It is no use/good, /useless =doing 泛指抽象动作。 第6页/共18页 动名词 2. 做表语 Her job is teaching. Reading aloud is a good way in learning languages. 3.作宾语 She didn’t mind Jack coming late. He finished reading the book. 第7页/共18页 动名词 4.作定语 He has a reading room. There is a swimming pool in our school. 第8页/共18页 分词 分词为现在分词和过去分词。 现在分词有一般式和完成式。 一般式表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生。 Being a student, he was interested in books. 完成式(having+V.V.P.)表示 第9页/共18页 分词 的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。 Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking. 1.作定语 分词短语放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词则放在被修饰的名词之前。 第10页/共18页 分词 The man standing at the window is our teacher. Polluted air and water are harmful to people’s health. 2.作状语 时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况。 Being a student, I must study hard.(原因) 第11页/共18页 分词 While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.(时间） The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.(方式） 3做表语 The news i