企业管理研究方法（英文版·第11版）唐纳德·库珀-Chap004.pptVIP

* Exhibit 4-1: Exhibit 4-1 models the sequence of stages in the research process. It also organizes this chapter and the introduces the remaining chapters in the book. Chapter 5 focuses on clarifying the research question. Chapters 6-14 focus on Stage 3: Research Design and Stage 4: Data Collection Chapter 15 focuses on Stage 4: Data preparation. Chapters 16-19 focus on Stage 5: Data Analysis and Interpretation. Chapter 20 focuses on Stage 6: Reporting. You can find more detail on research proposals and request for proposals (RFPs) in Appendix A. * Exhibit 4-1 illustrates the research process. This slide focuses on the first stage of the process, clarifying the research question. A useful way to approach the research process is to state the basic dilemma that prompts the research and then try to develop other questions by progressively breaking down the original question into more specific ones. This process can be thought of as the management-research question hierarchy. The process begins at the most general level with the management dilemma. This is usually a symptom of an actual problem, such as rising costs, declining sales, or a large number of defects. This portion of the research process is the focus of chapter 5. Key terms: A management dilemma is an opportunity of problem that the manager has discovered because of one or more symptoms. A management question is a restatement of the manager’s dilemma in question form. A research question is the hypothesis that best states the objective of the research; the question that focuses the researcher’s attention. An investigative question is the question the researcher must answer to satisfactorily answer the research question. A measurement question is the question asked of the participant or the observations that must be recorded. * From Appendix A. Once the research is defined, the research must be proposed in order to allocate resources to the project. There are three types of budgets in organizations where