航空公司夏季安全生产培训教育Summer Training .ppt

TAF Visibility This group is the horizontal prevailing visibility in meters or in statute miles (indicated by the suffix “SM”) used in U.S.A and Canada. “9999” represents a ground visibility of 10 km and more. 能见度 指的是水平主导能见度，通常用米表示，在美国和加拿大有时使用法定英里做单位（缩写SM） “9999” 代表地面能见度大于等于10公里。 TAF Sky Condition CAVOK : visibility is 10 km or more , no cloud below 1,500 meters (5,000‘) and no cumulonimbus , no significant weather. NSC : when no CB and no cloud below 1500m (5000ft) or the highest minimum sector altitude, whichever is greater. SKC : when there are no clouds and CAVOK is not appropriate. The definition of ceiling : cloud base below 20000’ with BKN or OVC. “CB” is the only cloud type to be forecast in a TAF. TAF 天气情况 CAVOK : 能见度大于等于10公里，1500米(5000英尺)以下无云或积雨云，无重要天气。 NSC SKC 云底高 TAF只预报CB积雨云这一种云的类型。 SYMBOLS FOR SIGNIFICATION WX 重要天气符号 SYMBOLS FOR SIGNIFICATION WX重要天气符号 SYMBOLS FOR SIGNIFICATION WX重要天气符号 SYMBOLS FOR SIGNIFICATION WX重要天气符号 ABBREVIATION USED TO DESCRIBE CLOUDS 关于云的缩略语 WEATHER RADAR气象雷达 WEATHER RADAR气象雷达 Please be careful : When viewing the short ranges , periodically switch to longer-range displays to observe distant conditions . 请注意: 在使用短程模式时需定时扩大监控范围以观测远距离的情况。 Closely spaced or thin lines between color gradations as shown below are usually associated with severe turbulence and should be avoided . 当出现下图中各个颜色之间的距离变窄或出现细线时通常预示着严重的颠簸，机组应选择避开。 Extremely heavy rainfall can reduce the ability of the radar waves to penetrate and present a full picture of the weather area . With very heavy intervening rain ,the ground returns behind the echo will not be present but rather will appear as a shadow . The WX behind shadow areas is unpredictable , never plan to fly into that areas . 极强的降水会降低雷达波探测以及显示该区域天气全景的能力。 出现强降雨时，气象雷达就只能显示出阴影，而无法显示反射的地面情况 阴影区域的天气无法预测，机组千万不可以飞入该区域。 WX / TURB mode It is important to remember that turbulence detection requires the presence of precipitation and clear air turbulence is not detected or displayed . Turb