国际经济学：理论与政策（第十一版）保罗·R.克鲁格曼-C01_Krugman_11e.pptxVIP

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国际经济学：理论与政策（第十一版）保罗·R.克鲁格曼-C01_Krugman_11e.pptx

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International Economics: Theory and PolicyEleventh EditionChapter 1IntroductionCopyright ? 2018, 2015, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives1.1 Distinguish between international and domestic economic issues.1.2 Explain why seven themes recur in international economics, and discuss their significance.1.3 Distinguish between the trade and monetary aspects of international economics. PreviewWhat is international economics about?International trade topics: Gains from trade, explaining patterns and volume of trade, effects of government policies on tradeInternational finance topics: Balance of payments, exchange rate determination, international policy coordination, capital marketsInternational trade versus finance What Is International Economics About? (1 of 3)International economics is about how nations interact through trade of goods and services, flows of money, and investment.International economics is an old subject, but continues to grow in importance.Nations are now more closely linked than ever before. What Is International Economics About? (2 of 3)U.S. exports and imports as shares of gross domestic product have been on an upward trend.International trade has roughly tripled in importance compared to the economy as a whole in the past 50 years.Both imports and exports fell substantially in 2009 due to the recession. Figure 1.1 Exports and Imports as a Percentage of U.S. National Income(Shaded areas indicate U.S. recessions.) Both imports and exports have risen as a share of the U.S. economy, but imports have risen more.Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis What Is International Economics About? (3 of 3)Compared to the United States, other countries are even more tied to international trade.Their imports and exports as a share of GDP are substantially higher.The United States, due to its size and diversity of resources, relies less on international trade than almost any other country. Figure 1.2 Average of Exports and Imports as