人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册 Unit4 语法精讲课件.pptx

不定式作定语语法精讲： 意义不定式及其短语作定语，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。 典例精析例：1. I’d like to have a few books to read during the trip. 我想有几本书在旅途中阅读。 2. The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. 将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。(1) 常表示将来的动作 典例精析例：1. He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。 2. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats.? 妇女和儿童是第一批上救生艇的人。(2)不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词，且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 典例精析例：1. The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 2. I was disappointed at his refusal to attend the opening ceremony. 我对他拒绝参加开幕式感到很失望。(3)不定式用来修饰抽象名词ability,?chance,?idea,?fact,?excuse等。 典例精析作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例：1. The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.?　 2. Here is some paper for you to write on.?特别提醒 1. Could you give us something (eat)? We are very hungry.解析：不定式作定语置于被修饰的词后面，与所修饰的词之间为动宾关系，表示将来的动作。语法填空。考点追击to eat 2. In my family, my mother is always the first one (get) up.解析：中心词被序数词the first修饰，且get与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，用不定式作定语。to get 3. Let’s find a clean room to put our luggage .解析：不定式在句中作定语，修饰room，put为不及物动词，后面要加介词。构成短语put sth. in somewhere。in 不定式作状语语法精讲： 意义动词不定式在句中作状语, 主要用来修饰动词和形容词, 也可用来修饰副词。在句中, 不定式可作目的状语、结果状语、原因状语、方式状语等。 用法1含义为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末；如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in order或so as。例： 1. To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard. 2. He promised to make all efforts in order to/so as to help us. (1) 作目的状语不能用于句首 用法2常表示令人意外的结果，通常放在句末。例：1. He woke up to find himself alone in the house. 2. He went back home, only to find his house had been broken into. (2) 作结果状语加强语气 用法3①常用结构：主语(人)＋系动词＋形容词/过去分词＋to do例：We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. (3) 作原因状语说明产生这种情绪的原因 用法3②常用结构：主语(物)＋系动词＋形容词＋to do例：The morning air is so good to brea