RoB2评价工具完整版指南.pdfVIP

Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) Edited by Julian PT Higgins, Jelena Savović, Matthew J Page, Jonathan AC Sterne on behalf of the RoB2 Development Group 22 August 2019 Dedicated to Professor Douglas G Altman, whose contributions were of fundamental importance to development of risk of bias assessment in systematic reviews This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Contents 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Signalling questions 3 1.2 Risk-of-bias judgements 3 1.3 Specifying the nature of the effect of interest 5 2 Issues in implementation of RoB 26 2.1 Multiple assessments 6 2.2 The data collection process 7 2.3 Presentation of risk-of-bias assessments 7 2.4 Rapid assessments 7 3 Detailed guidance: preliminary considerations 8 4 Detailed guidance: bias arising from the randomization process10 4.1 Background 10 4.2 Empirical evidence of bias arising from the randomization process 11 4.3 Using this domain of the tool12 4.4 Signalling questions and criteria for judging risk of bias 16 5 Detailed guidance: bias due to deviations from intended interventions 21 5.1 Background 21 5.2 Empirical evidence of bias due to deviations from intended interventions26 5.3 Using this domain of the tool 26 5.4 Signalling questions and criteria for judging risk of bias 27 6 Detailed guidance: bias due to missing outcome data39 6.1 Background 39 6.2 Empirical evidence of bias due to missing outcome data 44 6.3 Using this domain of the tool44 6.4 Signalling questions a