景观格局指数和Fragstats.pptVIP

谢谢 Landscape metricsquantify the spatial relationships among patches within the landscape 景观构成指数 Composition Fractional Cover（类型比例）: what proportion of the landscape is occupied by a given class Richness(丰富度): the number of classes Evenness（均匀度）: the relative abundance of classes 空间配置指数 Configuration Contagion（聚集度） and Dispersion: distinguish between landscapes with clumped or evenly distributed patches Isolation（隔离度）: based on the distances between similarly classified patches? * Multi-scale view of landscape from an organism-centered perspective. Because the eagle, cardinal, and butterfly perceive their environments differently and at different scales, what constitutes a single habitat patch for the eagle may constitute an entire landscape or patch-mosaic for the cardinal, and a single habitat patch for the cardinal may comprise an entire landscape for the butterfly that perceives patches on an even finer scale. * Because landscape ecology emphasizes the interactions among spatial patterns and ecological processes, one needs to understand and quantify the landscape pattern in order to relate it to a process. * * * * * McGarigal, K., SA Cushman, MC Neel, and E Ene. 2002. FRAGSTATS: Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Categorical Maps. Computer software program produced by the authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Available at the following web site: /landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.html 1995年发布：美国林务局技术报告 2002年形成现在的版本3.3 * Fragstats 3.3 GUI interface Works with many input formats including ArcGIS Grids (rasters) Landscape, Class and Patch analyses Allows the user to select output metrics Moving window analysis Batch processing * 最佳数据格式：ArcGrid * Patch Neighbor Rule.–Chose between the 4-cell and 8-cell rule. The 4-cell rule considers only the 4 adjacent cells that share a side with the focal cell (i.e., orthogonal neighbors) for determining patch membership. The 8-cell rule considers all 8 adjacent cells, including the 4 orthogonal