物流学英文版最新版教学ppt课件第8章.pptxVIP

Contemporary LogisticsTwelfth EditionChapter 8Inventory Management Learning Objectives (1 of 2)To learn about the ways that inventory can be classifiedTo discuss inventory costs and the trade-offs that exist among themTo identify when to order and how much to order, with a particular emphasis on the economic order quantityTo differentiate the various inventory flow patterns Learning Objectives (2 of 2)To discuss special concerns with inventory managementTo identify several contemporary approaches to managing inventory Inventory Management (1 of 3)InventoryRefers to stocks of goods and materials that are maintained for many purposes, the most common being to satisfy normal demand patterns Inventory Management (2 of 3)Inventory decisions drive other business activities like:WarehousingTransportationMaterials handlingObjectives can differ for different functional areas of an organization Inventory Management (3 of 3)Must consider inventory costsCarrying costsOrdering costsStockout costs Inventory Classifications (1 of 2)Cycle, or base, stockRefers to inventory that is needed to satisfy normal demand during the course of an order cycleSafety, or buffer, stockRefers to inventory that is held in addition to cycle stock to guard against uncertainty in demand or lead time Inventory Classifications (2 of 2)Pipeline, or in-transit, stockInventory that is en route between various fixed facilities in a logistics system such as a plant, warehouse, or storeSpeculative stockRefers to inventory that is held for several reasons, including seasonal demand, projected price increases, and potential shortages of a productPsychic stockInventory carried to stimulate demand (retail) Inventory Costs (1 of 10)Assets cost money, which means that inventory costs moneyInventory costs between 2010 and 2014 represent approximately one-third of total logistics costsInventory cost should factor into an organization’s inventory management policyLogistics manager must understand nature of each cost a