Driver design分析和总结分析和总结.docx

Cutawayviewofadynamicloudspeaker.

Driverdesign

Astampedsteelloudspeakerbasketframeisclearlyvisible(here,blue-grey).

Themostcommontypeofdriverusesalightweight(质轻的)diaphragm,orcone,connectedtoarigid（刚

性的）basket,orframe,viaaflexible（柔软的）suspensionthatconstrains（绑住）acoiloffinewiretomoveaxiallythroughacylindrical（圆柱形的）magnetic

gap.Whenanelectricalsignalisappliedtothevoicecoil,amagneticfieldiscreatedbytheelectriccurrentinthevoicecoil,makingitavariableelectromagnet.Thecoilandthedriversmagneticsysteminteract,generatingamechanicalforcethatcausesthecoil(andthus,theattachedcone)tomovebackandforth,therebyreproducingsoundunderthecontroloftheappliedelectricalsignalcomingfromtheamplifier.Thefollowingisadescriptionoftheindividual（单个的）componentsofthistypeofloudspeaker.

Thediaphragmisusuallymanufacturedwithacone-ordome-shapedprofile（外形，轮廓）.Avarietyofdifferentmaterialsmaybeused,butthemostcommonarepaper,plastic,andmetal.Theidealmaterialwouldbestiff（硬），topreventuncontrolledconemotions;light,tominimizestartingforcerequirementsandenergystorageissues;andwelldamped（阻尼）,toreducevibrations（振动）continuingafterthe

signalhasstopped.Inpractice,allthreeofthesecriteri（a标准）cannotbemet

simultaneously（同时地）usingexistingmaterials;thus,driverdesigninvolves

trade-offs（交替使用）.Forexample,paperislightandtypicallywelldamped,but

isnotstiff;metalmaybestiffandlight,butitusuallyhaspoordamping;plastic

canbelight,buttypically,thestifferitismade,thepoorerthedamping.Asa

result,manyconesaremadeofsomesortofcomposite(复合)material.Forexample,

aconemightbemadeofcellulose（纤维）paper,intowhichsomecarbon（碳化纤）

fiber,Kevlar（合纤）,fiberglass,orhemp（大麻纤）orbamboofibershavebeenadded;

oritmightuseahoneycomb（蜂窝）sandwichconstruction;oracoatingmightbea