动词过去式、过去分词、现----在分词.doc

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动词

一、五种根本形式：

英语中实义动词和系动词有五种根本形式，原形、现在式〔用于第三人称单数〕、过去式〔用于过去时态〕、过去分词〔用于各种完成时态〕和现在分词〔用于各种进展时态〕。

第三人称单数构成与名词由单数变复数

构成规那么

例词

一般情况下在动词后直接加-s构成

eat-eats,read-reads,play-plays等

以e结尾的直接加-s

write-writes,come-comes,close-closes等

以s,x,z,sh,ch以及字母o结尾的动词，后加-es

Watch-watches,go-es,finish-finishes等

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-es

study-studies,fly-flies等

2、规那么动词过去式、过去分词和现在分词的构成方法

原形

过去式和过去分词

现在分词

构成规那么

例词

构成规那么

例词

构成规那么

例词

一般情况

turn

加-ed

turned

加-ing

turning

以-e结尾的

move,love

只加-d

moved,loved

去掉e再加-ing

moving,loving

以辅音字母加y结尾的

try,study

应将y改为i再加-ed

tried

studied

直接加-ing

trying,studying

以元音字母加y结尾的

stay,play

直接加-ed

stayed

played

直接加-ing

staying,playing

以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母

stop,plan

双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed

stopped

planned

双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing

stopping,planning

以r音节结尾的

Prefer,refer

双写末尾的r再加-ed

preferred

referred

双写末尾的r再加-ing

preferring,referring

以ie结尾的

lie,die

加-d

lied,died

将ie变加-ing

lying,dying

常用不规那么动词过去式和过去分词一览表

原形

过去式

过去分词

汉语翻译

am,is

was

been

是

are

were

been

是

bear

bore

born

忍受〔熊〕

become

became

become

成为，变成

begin

began

begun

开场

break

broke

broken

打坏，打破

bring

brought

brought

带来

build

built

built

建筑，建立

buy

bought

bought

买

catch

caught

caught

揪住，抓住

can情态动词

could

能，会

原形

过去式

过去分词

汉语翻译

come

came

come

来

cost

cost

cost

花费

cut

cut

cut

砍，切

do助动词

did

done

做

does助动词

did

done

做

drink

drank

drunk

喝

drive

drove

driven

驾驶，开车

eat

ate

eaten

吃

feel

felt

felt

感觉

find

found

found

发现，找到

fly

flew

flown

飞行，放飞

forget

forgot

forgot/forgotten

忘记

get

got

got/gotten

得到

give

gave

given

给予，给

go

went

gone

走，去

grow

grew

grown

成长，种植

have助动词

had

had

有

has助动词

had

had

有

hear

heard

heard

听见

know

knew

known

知道，了解

learn

learned/learnt

learned/learnt

学习

leave

left

left

离开，留下

lend

lent

lent

借给

let

let

let

让

lie

lay

lain

躺下

lose

lost

lost

丧失

make

made

made

制造，制作

meet

met

met

遇见

may情态动词

might

可以

must情态动词

must

必须

pay

paid

paid

付钱，赔偿

put

put

put

放

read

read

read

读

ride

rode

ridden

骑，乘

ring

rang

rung

〔钟、铃〕响，鸣

run

ran

run

跑

say

said

said

说

see

saw

seen

看见

sell

sold

sold

卖

shall情态动词

should

将

sing

sang

sung

唱

sit

sat

sat

坐

原形