四级听力技巧及实践等多个英语课程.pdfVIP

四级听力技巧及实践等多个英语课程.pdf

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Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistof

stressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.

Negativeeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelist,butsoweresome

positivelife-changingevents,likemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmes-Rahetestyoumust

rememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyou

havetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffects

yourchancesofstayinghealthy.

Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.Andmillions

ofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehowtheresearch

gotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women’smagazinesranheadlineslike“Stresscauses

illness”Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaidavoidstressfulevents.

Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous

many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoid

allstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.

Sinceanychangecanbestressful,awhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswould

nevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.

Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.It

assumeswe’reallvulnerable(脆弱的)andpassiveinthefaceofadversity(逆境).Butwhatabout

humaninitiativeandcreativity﹖Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicaland

mentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallenge

canleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmentalstrain.

21.TheresultofHolmes-Rahesmedicalresearchtellsus____.

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