麦肯锡-什么是基础设施？（英）-2025.9.pdfVIP

McKinseyExplainers

Whatisinfrastructure?

Infrastructureisnolongerjustbridges,roads,andthelike—itnowincludes

elementsrangingfromdigitalnetworkstoclean-energysystemstoelectric-

vehiclechargingcorridors.

September2025

Infrastructureunderpinsprosperity,resilience,andqualityoflife—anditisataturningpoint.

Rapidpopulationgrowth,technologicalbreakthroughs,andclimatepressuresaretransforming

howsocietiesthinkaboutthesystemsthatsustainthem.Infrastructurestillmeansroadsand

bridges(seedefinitionbelow),butitalsoincludesfiber-opticcables,chargingcorridorsfor

electricvehicles(EVs),renewable-powerplants,andcutting-edgedigitalnetworks.Meeting

thesedemandswillrequireafundamentalshiftinmindset:Governments,investors,and

operatorsshouldmovebeyondsilosandembracecross-sectorcollaborationtosecurethe

foundationsofeconomicgrowthandsocialwell-being.Asinfrastructuresectorsevolve,their

intersectionsarebecomingjustasimportantastheirindividualtrajectories.

Tomeetthegrowingdemandforinfrastructure,McKinseyestimatesthatacumulative$106

trillionininvestmentwillbenecessarythrough2040.Asiaisexpectedtoreceivemorethanhalf

ofthetotalinfrastructureinvestmentthrough2040,drivenbyrapidurbanization,population

growth,andcontinuedindustrialexpansion.

LearnmoreaboutMcKinsey’sGlobalInfrastructureInitiative.

Howcanstakeholdersmeetgrowingdemandforinfrastructure?

Tomobilizecapitalattherequiredscale,stakeholderswillneedclear,practical,andinnovative

strategies.Policymakerscanshapetheagendabyprioritizingverticalsbasedonemerging

demand,fosteringanenablingregulatoryenvironment,andcreatingconditionsthatattract

privatecapital.Investorscanbroadentheirscopebypursuingcross-verticalplaysandt