皮冠状动脉介入治疗科学立场与操作流程.pdfVIP

PercutaneousCoronaryInterventions(previously

calledAngioplasty,PercutaneousTransluminal

Coronary[PTCA],orBalloonAngioplasty)

AHAScientificPosition

Percutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)encompassesavarietyof

proceduresusedtotreatpatientswithdiseasedarteriesoftheheart,for

example,chestpaincausedbyabuild-upoffats,cholesterol,andother

substancesfromtheblood(referredtoasplaque)thatcanreduceblood

flowtoaneartrickle,oraheartattackcausedbyalargebloodclotthat

completelyblockstheartery.

Typically,PCIisperformedbythreadingaslenderballoon-tippedtube–a

catheter–fromanarteryinthegrointoatroublespotinanarteryofthe

heart(thisisreferredtoaspercutaneoustransluminalcoronary

angioplasty–alsoknownasPTCA,coronaryarteryballoondilationor

balloonangioplasty).Theballoonistheninflated,compressingtheplaque

anddilating(widening)thenarrowedcoronaryarterysothatbloodcanflow

moreeasily.Thisisoftenaccompaniedbyinsertinganexpandablemetal

stent.StentsarewiremeshtubesusedtopropopenarteriesafterPTCA.

(Formoreaboutstents,seetheentryonStentProcedureinthis

Encyclopedia.)

ACC/AHA/SCAIGuidelines

Ajoint2005AmericanCollegeofCardiology/AmericanHeartAssociation/

SocietyforCardiovascularAngiographyandInterventionsreportgives

guidelinesforthemanagementofpatientsundergoingPCI.Thereport

stronglyrecommendsthatPCIshouldbeperformedinfacilitiesthathave

anexperiencedcardiovascularsurgicalteamavailableasemergency

backupforallprocedures.

Forpatientssufferingthecrushingpainofaheartattack,alifesavingtrip

maybetoahospi