高强度训练与恢复对运动表现影响研究.pdfVIP

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Itisnosecretamongathletesthatinordertoimproveperformanceyou’ve

gottoworkhard.However,hardtrainingbreaksyoudownandmakesyou

weaker,itisrestthatmakesyoustronger.Improvementonlyoccursduring

therestperiodfollowinghardtraining.Thisadaptationisaccomplishedby

improvingefficiencyoftheheartandcertainsystemswithinthemuscle

cells.Duringrecoveryperiodsthesesystemsbuildtogreaterlevelsto

compensateforthestressthatyouhaveapplied.Theresultisthatyouare

nowatahigherlevelofperformance.

Ifsufficientrestisnotincludedinatrainingprogram,imbalanceween

excesstrainingandinadequaterestwilloccur,andperformancewill

decline.The“overtrainingsyndrome(综合症)”isthenamegiventothe

collectionofemotional,behavioral,andphysicalsymptomsdueto

overtrainingthathaspersistedforweekstomonths.Itismarkedby

cumulativeexhaustionthatpersistsevenafterrecoveryperiods.

Themostcommonsymptomisfatigue.Thismaylimitworkoutsandmay

bepresentatrest.Theathletesmayalsobecomemoody,easilyimitated,

havealteredsleeppatterns,becomedepressed,orlosethecompetitive

desireandenthusiasmforthesport.Somewillreportdecreasedappetite

andweightloss.Physicalsymptomsincludepersistentmuscularsoreness,

increasedfrequencyofviral(性的)illnesses,andincreasedincidence

ofinjuries.

问题1至5基于以下段落。

对于员来说，为了提高成绩就必须努力工作，这已经不

了。然而，艰苦的训练会让你，让你变得更虚弱，只有休

息才能让你变得更坚强。只有在艰苦训练后的休息期间才会有所改

善。这种适应是通过提高心脏和肌肉细胞内某些系统的效率来实现

的。在恢复期间，这些系统会构建到更高的水平，以补偿您所施加

的。结果是您现在处于更高的绩效水平。

如果训练计划中没有足够的休息，就会出现训练过量和休息不足之

间的不平衡，表现就会下降。“过度训练综合症