（21页PPT）及时供货系统.pptVIP

*?AmericanCertificationInstitute,2004*?AmericanCertificationInstitute,2004Just-In-TimeSystems及时供货系统(JIT）LeRoyH.Graw,EdD,DBA,C.P.M.,CPCM,CPP,CPPM,CISCMJIT/LeanProduction

JIT/经益生产Just-in-time:Repetitiveproductionsysteminwhichprocessingandmovementofmaterialsandgoodsoccurjustastheyareneeded,usuallyinsmallbatches及时供货系统：一种重复性生产系统，即物料和货物的加工和某著名企业恰好发生在需要它们的时候，通常以小批量进行。JITischaracteristicofleanproductionsystemsJIT是经益生产系统的特征。JIToperateswithverylittle“fat”JIT很少有不必要的存库。JITGoals

JIT目标Eliminatedisruptions消除混乱Makesystemflexible使系统具有柔性Reducesetupandleadtimes缩短安装和订货至交货时间Eliminatewaste消除浪费MinimizeWIP使半成品（WIP）减至最小Simplifytheprocess简化加工过程SourcesofWaste

造成浪费的根源Wasteformoverproduction过量生产造成的浪费Wasteofwaitingtime等待时间的浪费Transportationwaste运输浪费Inventorywaste库存浪费Processingwaste加工处理浪费Wasteofmotion调配浪费Wastefromproductdefects来源于产品缺陷的浪费JITBuildingBlocks

JIT建设模块Productdesign产品设计Processdesign流程设计Personnel/organizationalelements人员/组织要素

Manufacturing

planningandcontrol制造计划与控制ProductDesign

产品设计Standardparts标准零部件Modulardesign模块化设计Quality质量ProcessDesign

流程设计Smalllotsizes小批量Setuptimereduction减少启动时间Manufacturingcells制造单元Limitedworkinprocess有限的半成品Qualityimprovement提高质量Productionflexibility生产柔性Littleinventorystorage极少库存BenefitsofSmallLotSizes

小批量的益处Reducesinventory减少库存Lessstoragespace减少存储空间Lessrework减少重复劳动Problemsaremoreapparent问题更为明显Increasesproductflexibility增加生产柔性Easiertobalanceoperations更容生产平衡ProductionFlexibility

生产柔性Reducedowntimebyreducingchangeovertime通过减少转换时间来减少停工时间Usepreventivemaintenancetoreducebreakdowns通过预防性维护来减少机器损坏Cross-trainworkerstohelpclearbottlenecks对员工进行多岗位培训以帮助消除瓶颈capacityforimportantcustomers为重要客户保留生产能力Personnel/OrganizationalElements

人员/组织要素Workersasassets重视员工Cross-trainedworkers对员工进行多岗位培训Continuousimprovement不断提高Costaccounting成本控制Leadership/projectmanage