家蚕幼虫胸足与腹足功能及眠期相关问题.pdfVIP

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Question1:Whatarethefunctionsofthethoraxandabdominallegsinthelarvalstageofsilkworm?

胸足

Themainfunctionofthethoraxistoassistthemouthpartsand

controlthemulberryleavesforfeeding.

腹足

Theabdomenofsilkwormsinthelarvalstageiscomposedof10segments.Eachsegmentof

the3rd,4th,5th,and6thsegmentshasapairofgastropods.Itisthelocomotororganofthe

silkworm,makingthebodymoveforward.Segment10hasapairoftaillegsthatcanbeusedto

holdobjects.Thereare5pairsofgastropodsintotal,andthereisasharpfhyprotrusionon

thebacksurfaceofthe8thsegment,calledthetailhorn.Thereisasmallblackspotoneachsi

deofthe1stsegmentofthethoraxandthefirst8segmentsoftheabdomen,whichisthe

respiratoryorganofthesilkworm.

疑难二：什么是眠？

家蚕以卵繁殖，约经10天左右孵化成幼虫。蚁蚕通过摄食迅速生长，体色

逐渐变淡转呈青白色。幼虫生长到一定程度时需蜕去旧皮，生长出较宽大的新皮

再继续生长。家蚕在蜕皮过程中，吐出少量的丝，将腹足固定在蚕座上，头

昂起，不再好象睡着了一样称为眠。

从蚁蚕到吐丝结茧共蜕皮四次，蚁蚕摄食后称第1龄蚕，第一次眠后称第2

龄蚕，依次类推，第四次眠后称第5龄蚕。眠期的幼虫不吃不喝。幼虫发育到5

龄末期，逐渐停止取食，蚕体收缩，排空道，呈透明状，此时叫熟蚕。

老蚕食欲下降，前部空虚，呈透明状；继而完全停食，体

躯缩短，腹部也趋向透明，蚕体头昂起，口吐丝缕，左右上下摆动寻找营蚕

场所。吐丝后，观察到蚕身体变小，潜伏在内。

——————摘自

Question2:Whatissleep?

Silkwormsreproducefromeggs,whichhatchintolarvaeinabout10days.Antsilkworms

growrapidlythroughfeeding,andtheirbodycolorgraduallybecomeslighterandturnsto

bluishwhite.Whenthelarvaegrowtoacertainextent,theyneedtoshedtheiroldskinand

growanew,widerskinbeforecontinuingtogrow.Duringthemoltingprocess,thesilkworm

spin