三元杂环的研究进展及其在合成中的应用.doc

哈尔滨学院本科毕业论文（设计） PAGE PAGE 20 摘 要 三元杂环类化合物自发现以来，已经有一个多世纪的历史了，近年来随着结构分析和鉴定技术的进步，越来越多的三元杂环类化合物被发现。其化合物的用途和应用范围也不断地拓展, 其应用领域也在不断的扩大。 三元杂环类化合物是庞大的一类有机化合物，由于其独特的结构和性质，使得他们在许多领域中有着非常广泛和重要的用途。并且，有关它们的性质和应用的研究越来越受到重视, 因而三元杂环类化合物是非常重要的，这不仅仅是由于它们的广泛存在，而且还由于它们在化学、生物学和工业方面的广泛应用。三元杂环不但存在于许多天然产物中，如维生素、激素、抗生素、生物碱, 也存在于医药、农药和其他重要的化工产品中, 如缓蚀剂、抗衰老药物、敏化剂、稳定剂等。 本文主要综述了近几年来三元杂环类化合物的制备及在有机合成中的应用。重点讲解了氧杂环丙烷、氮杂环丙烷、硫杂环丙烷等三元杂环类化合物及其衍生物的一些重要反应。并讲述了其在社会各个领域方面的应用、发展和技术方面的改进。最后还介绍了三元杂环类化合物的发展前景。 关键词：三元杂环；氧杂环丙烷；氮杂环丙烷；硫杂环丙烷 Abstract Triatomic heterocyclic compounds were discovered more than one century. In recent years with the structure analysis and the appraisal technology's progress, more and more triatomic heterocyclic compounds were discovered. The use and application scope of its compound also is developed unceasingly and its application domain is expanded. Triatomic heterocyclic compound is a giant kind of organic compound because of its unique structure and the nature which enables its widespread and the important use in many domains. And their nature and the application research receive more and more attention. Therefore, triatomic heterocyclic compounds are very important. It is not only as a result of their widespread existence, but also widespread application in chemistry, biology and industry aspects. Triatomic heterocyclic compound exists in many natural products, such as Vitamin, hormone, antibiotic, alkaloid, medicine, the agricultural chemicals and other important products of chemical industry, e.g. the corrosion inhibitor, anti-senile medicine, sensitizer, stabilizer and so on. In this article, its preparation and application of organic synthesis were introduced. The important reactions of oxa-cyclopropane, aziridine, sulfur heterocyclic propane and their derivatives were reviewed. Its social application, development and the technical improvement were introduced. Finally it also introduced the future prospects for development of triatomic heterocyclic compounds. Keywords: tr