社会公益类科研机构改革研究.doc

社会公益类科研机构改革研究 李新根 摘 要 社会公益类科研机构是国家重要的科学资源，在国家科技创新体系中发挥的是基础性和支撑性不可替代的作用。公益类科研机构承担的科研和科技基础性工作，主要服务于社会效益显著而经济效益较底的行业或事业。通过此类机构的工作，形成全社会共享的技术基础设施和资源体系，这些设施和体系是经济发展和科技进步的重要基础，是国家实现可持续发展的重要保障。然而，在长期计划经济体制的束缚下，这类科研机构自身存在诸多问题，已经难以适应市场经济体制的发展需要。社会公益类科研机构改革是整个体制改革中难度最大、最关键的组成部分，其改革的成败和发展快慢将直接影响国家社会公益事业的发展。因此，社会公益类科研机构改革是一项具有重大理论意义和现实意义的研究课题。 本文在对社会公益类科研机构的现状和问题进行深入分析和研究的基础上，指出了社会公益类科研机构的改革目标，即建立非营利科研机构，并进行了相关制度设计，针对目前国内尚没有对非营利科研机构进行明确的界定，也未出台一个对非营利科研机构加以认定的方法，作者进一步探讨和研究了非营利科研机构的认定方法。最后，针对社会公益类科研机构存在的问题，提出了一系列对策措施。 本文从整体上提出了社会公益类科研机构改革的新问题、新思路和新对策，对于指导和推进社会公益类科研机构改革，具有一定的理论创新和实践意义。 关键词：社会公益；科研机构；非营利机构；认定方法；改革目标 Study on the Reform of Social Public Welfare Scientific Research Organizations in China Abstract Social public welfare scientific research organizations are very important science resource in a country, in the national innovation system of science and technology, what develop is basal and the role that supports to cannot replace. Through the work of these kind of organizations, form the technical infrastructure and resource system that whole society shares, these facility and system are the important foundation of economic development and the advance of science and technology, are the important guarantee that national realization can develop continuously. However, plan economic system for a long period tie, this kind of research organizations self of our country have many problems, the development that is hard to meet market economic system needs. The social public welfare scientific research organizations are the biggest difficulty，most pivotal composition of our country in the entire system reform of science and technology, development and the success or failure of its reform speed will directly affect the development of the national social cause of public welfare, therefore, the social public welfare scientific research organizations are a research program that has significant theoretical meaning and realistic meaning. On the deeply analyzing and investigating th