PLC控制的行车自动化控制系统设计.doc

第 PAGE 4页 共 40 页 摘要 行车是在生产中用于输送物料的重要设备。过去的传统控制方式大都是采用人工操纵的半自动控制方式。然而在许多生产场合，这种半自动控制方式早已显示出了它的缺点及很多的不足。所以，为了提高工作效率，促进生产自动化和减轻劳动强度，现在已经需要实现行车的自动化控制。 本设计是将由人工操纵的半自动化电动行车改造为由PLC控制的自动化控制系统，不仅可以大大提高生产效率，方便地实现各种控制功能，而且可以适应行车所处的恶劣环境，无需在硬件上采取过多的措施。 本设计中的电镀专用行车是通过行车带动吊钩前后运动及吊钩的升降运动来实现电镀的过程的。行车带动吊钩前进/后退分别经过电镀槽、回收液槽、清水槽，当分别到每个槽上方时，由限位开关通知PLC发出控制指令使吊钩下降，当下降到槽中时又开始定时电镀。定时结束后，吊钩上升，上升后还需定时停留一段时间让多余的液体流回槽中才能走向下一个槽，当从清水槽上滴液结束后行车返回原位。 在对本系统的设计中完成了系统的硬件连线及软件的设计，硬件连线包括PLC 的外围接线、主电路及控制电路，软件包括梯形图及指令表。 关键词：PLC；电镀专用行车；前后运动；升降运动 Abstract The empress car is a important equipment that transports the material in produce. The traditional control method mostly adopts the half artificial manipulate to control. However in many production situations, the weakness and a lot of shortage that automatic control in this kind of half method appeared already. In order to improve work efficiency, promote the production automation and alleviate to the labor strength, now there need realizes the car that automatic control. This design is reforms the manipulate a line of the car moved by artificial the half automation electricity to the automation control system that be controlled by PLC, can not only increase production efficiency, conveniently realizes every kind of control function, but also can adapt to the bad environment of a line of cars, not need adopt the excessive measure on the hardware. The appropriation car for electroplate in this design is a rise and fall to passes a line of the car arouses to the mourn hook to exercise and the mourn hook in front and back to realize the electroplate process. A car bring the hook go forward/retreat pass by the electroplated slot, recovery liquid slot, clear water slot one by one , when above each slot, the limit switch tells PLC to sends out the control instruction makes the hook descends, when in the slot it starts settling the time to electroplate. While settling after ending, the mourn hook is rising up, still need to stop a few minutes let superfluous liqui