倾力总结 完整独立写作笔记.doc

Independent writing Independent writing: min 300 preferable 400+ Chapter 1 结构篇 分类 1.A or B 2.comparecontrast(两边都要提) 3.Agree or disagree 占90% 4.persuasive(what,why,how) 二、行文方式 1.平行(3-0) 2.让步(2-1,2+1-1,3-1) 3.对照(折衷，1-1) 三、结构图 Introduction TS1~~~ TS2~~~ TS3~~ Admittedly~~ Admittedly~~ However~~ Therefore~~ Therefore~~ 四、Introduction(1,3为主要) 1.Background/Restate(重述主题) 2.Other’s opinion(s) 3.My inclination 4.承上启下的话(Preview) 五、TS 主题句 1.言简意赅 2.no details 3.cover后面所有的话 Chapter 2 论证篇 Exemplification 举例论证 for example, for instance 2.A fitting/telling(生动有效的)/apt(恰当的)/striking example is that A case in point is that 3.(Further) lending credence to my position is the example of +名词/the fact that +句子 This can be aptly/well exemplified and illustrated by the case of +名词/the fact that +句子/the following case 5.I can think of no better illustration than the eample of ***,who… 6.When it comes to musical talent, eminent individuals ranging from Mozart to Beethoven come immediately to mind. 7.To illustrate this, we need look no further than the case of*** 8.假想例子Imagine/visualize/picture/suppose a person who is worrying about his future 例子分类：1.personal/生活见闻 2.academic---Newton Einstein Darwin Hawking socialized 4.fabricated(捏造) 二、Statistics 三、Quotation 数据和引用其实本质上都是他人的观点，可以略微增加文章的客观性，也可以体现引用这个学术性。I can think of no better illustration than the statistic. Experts from the Department of Sociology in Peking University pointed out that the average sleeping time an adult has everyday, compared with 8 hours in the 1970s, has decreased to 6.8 hours due to the busy work and study. 四、正反论证 1. A好A就是好：如果没有A… 2. A比B好：A+为主，稍提B- （正面说完A的优点后若字数不够可以反面稍微说B的缺点） It is not difficult to imagine that if… ②It is modern technology that makes our life simple, healthy and dynamic/vibrant/fantastic/active/alive,without which our life would probably pale. 3.Education is a prerequisite to freedom and knowledge, without which a people could hardly s