刑事责任论文：刑事责任年龄制度研究_精品.docVIP

刑事责任论文：刑事责任年龄制度研究 【中文摘要】刑事责任年龄制度是我国刑法中与犯罪主体、刑事责任和刑罚制度密切相关的重要制度。它对防卫社会安全、保护当事人的合法权益和实现刑罚起着非常关键的作用。我国1979年刑法典就确立了相关的刑事责任年龄制度,经过1997年的刑法典修正之后这一制度得到了进一步完善。但由于立法水平的限制和社会的发展,现行刑法关于该制度的规定引起了很大争议,对于刑法规定的最低刑事责任年龄是否该降低、相对负刑事责任年龄阶段的入罪范畴的完善和有关老年人犯罪的年龄制度等可谓众说纷纭。本文从与刑事责任年龄制度密切相关的刑事责任能力原理及其与刑事责任的关系入手进行分析,在分析比较各种不同观点的基础上提出了自己关于该制度完善的浅陋见解。对于我国现行的最低刑事责任年龄,笔者认为无需降低。也就是说14周岁是一个人具备刑事责任能力的最低起点,如果不恰当地降低其负刑事责任的年龄,那就等于对一个没有刑事责任能力的行为人处以刑罚,是达不到刑罚的,那么,刑事责任年龄制度将失去该有的功能和意义。我国现行刑法关于相对负刑事责任年龄阶段的入罪范围规定是不够明确和科学的,应加以细化和完善。关于老年人犯罪的年龄制度,我国古代的历朝历代刑事立法和当代许多国家和地区立法都加以规定,而我国刑法典只有关于未成年人犯罪的年龄规定,没有老年人犯罪的规定。应当说确立老年人犯罪的特殊年龄规定是有必要的,因为老年人进入一定年龄段后,由于身体机能的原因,其刑事责任能力有所下降了,其所负刑事责任也应该相应降低。并且由于老年人年老体衰,危害有限和中华民族尊老敬老的优良传统等原因,我国应规定老年人犯罪的年龄制度。最后是我国刑法应对未成年人的犯罪确立科学的处理制度,以保护未成年人的合法权益和社会的安全。 【英文摘要】Age of criminal responsibility system is a important system that related to subject of criminal law, criminal responsibility and penal system.It plays a key role in defensing of social security, protecting the legitimate rights and interests and achieving the purpose of punishment.The Age of criminal responsibility system has been established in 1979, and the system has been further improved after 1997.However, due to the legislative restriction and the level of social development, the Age of criminal responsibility system caused a great controversy, so as the minimum age of criminal responsibility whether to lower, perfeating the range of the relative age of criminal responsibility, and the Age of criminal responsibility system of old age whether to establishing.From the principle of responsibility and the relationship between Age of criminal responsibility system and criminal responsibility, and on the basis of analysis and comparison of different points of view, we will put forward shallow views for improving the Age of criminal responsibility system.For Chinese current minimum age of criminal responsibility, I believe that no need to lowing.That is 14 years of age is a minimum starting point for a person with criminal responsibil