《数字水准仪测量系统设计》.doc

天津职业技术师范大学 Tianjin University of Technology and Education 毕 业 设 计 专 业： 测控技术与仪器 班级学号： 测控0701 – 05 学生姓名： 高雅璐 指导教师： 赵丽 教授 二〇一一年六月 天津职业技术师范大学本科生毕业设计 数字水准仪测量系统设计 Design of Measurement System for Digital Level 专业班级：测控0701班 学生姓名：高雅璐 指导教师：赵丽 教授 学 院：自动化与电气工程学院 2011年6月 摘 要 水准仪作为水准测量的重要工具在实际工程测量中有着广泛的应用，传统的水准仪在测量过程中需要人工不断的读数和记录，不仅增加了工人的劳动强度，人工读数的精度也不高。随着数字时代的到来，数字水准仪应运而生，它是一种集现代电子技术、计算机软硬件技术、材料技术、精密机械加工技术和图像处理技术等于一体的高科技产品。作为水准测量的仪器，数字水准仪具有测量速度快、读数客观、精度高、能减轻作业劳动强度、测量数据便于输入计算机和容易实现水准测量内外业一体化的优点。 本文主要论述一种基于AT89S52单片机的数字水准仪测量系统的设计。此系统主要由条码标尺和主机两部分组成。系统硬件以AT89S52单片机为核心，Intel8253计数器作为同步控制器，控制A/D转换器对CCD的输出信号定时采样,并将采集结果通过串口传给微机，在微机系统采用数字滤波、边缘检测等数字图像处理技术对采集数据进行数据处理，提取条码边缘，再根据几何光学物象比的关系，求出视距和视线高读数。 关键词：数字水准仪；AT89S52单片机；CCD检测模块；边缘检测 ABSTRACT Level as an important tool for leveling works has been widely used in the actual project. The traditional level’s measurement process requires manual reading and recording constantly, which is not only increasing the labor intensity, but also getting a low accuracy readings. With the advent of the digital age, digital level came into being. It is a high-tech product that integrates kinds of technologies, such as modern electronic technology, computer software and hardware technology, material and precision machining technology as well as image processing technology. As a leveling surveying instrument, digital level has many advantages in high surveying speed, objective result reading with high precision, easy interface with computer and uniform with in and outdoor operation. The main idea of this paper is about the design of measurement system for digital level which is based on AT89S52 single chip. This system is make up by staff gauge and main control. This system sample and record the data regularly from the CCD Sensors which is controlled by Intel8253 and pass the data to computer through serial ports. The data in the computer will be processed with digital image processing just as filter and edge detection, t