基于单片机的火灾报警系统的设计.doc

基于单片机的火灾报警系统设计 摘要：火灾已成为我国常发性和破坏性以及影响力最强的灾害之一。随着经济和城市建设的快速发展，城市高层、地下建筑以及大型综合性建筑日益增多，火灾隐患也大大增加，火灾的数量及其造成的损失呈逐年上升趋势。 在工业和民用建筑、宾馆、酒店、图书馆、科研和商业部门，火灾报警系统已成为必要的装置，火灾报警系统对现代建筑起着极其重要的安全保障作用。火灾报警控制器是火灾报警系统的核心，本文对火灾报警控制器和传感器做了深入的研究，并全面阐述了火灾报警控制器和传感器的硬件与软件设计及调试过程。本文设计的火灾报警系统能有效地防止和减少火灾危害, 对保护人身安全和财产安全具有现实意义。 关键词：火灾报警系统；单片机；传感器；声光报警 Design of Fire-alarm System Based on Microcontroller Unit Abstract: In our country, as a disaster, the fire has many characteristics, such as: mediocrity, breakage and influence. In recent years, the economy and the construction develop quickly, increasing of modern building, underground architecture and large-scale construction, the occasion of fire is increasing, and the quantity of fire and the losing it leads to raise gradually, the intention of fireproofing is avoiding loss. In the instruction of industry and civil, hotel, grogshop, library, the department of scientific research and trade, the fire alarm system has become the necessary installation. The fire alarm system has important functions to the modern buildings. The fire alarm system controller is its core. We introduce the research of fire alarm controller and narrate its hardware and software. The fire alarm system can avoid and reduce the fire harm. It settles the problem that the wire fire alarm system cannot fulfill. Key words: fire alarm system, MCU, sensors, sound-light alarm 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \u 第1章 绪 论 PAGEREF _Toc326737205 \h 1 1.1 概述 PAGEREF _Toc326737206 \h 1 1.2 国内外火灾报警系统的发展现状及趋势 PAGEREF _Toc326737207 \h 2 1.2.1 国内火灾报警系统的发展现状 PAGEREF _Toc326737208 \h 2 1.2.2 国外火灾报警系统的发展现状 PAGEREF _Toc326737209 \h 3 1.3 火灾报警系统的发展趋势 PAGEREF _Toc326737210 \h 3 1.4 研究目的和意义 PAGEREF _Toc326737211 \h 6 1.5 设计要求及完成的工作 PAGEREF _Toc326737212 \h 6 第2章 方案设计 PAGEREF _Toc326737213 \h 8 2.1 引言 PAGEREF _Toc326737214 \h 8 2.2 器件选择 PAGEREF _Toc326737215 \h 8 2.2.1 控制芯片的选型 PAGEREF _Toc326737216 \h 8 2.2.2 火灾检测传感器的选择 PAGEREF _Toc326737217 \h 9 2.2.3 温度传感器的选择 PAGEREF _Toc3267372