锁具寿命自动检测系统的现状--89C51单片机为核心的软硬件设计原理.doc

摘 要 本文综述了锁具寿命自动检测系统的现状，在总结各种模式的锁具寿命自动检测控制系统利弊的基础上，提出了一种基于89C51的锁具寿命自动检测仪控制系统，并详细介绍了该系统的原理与构成。重点论述了以89C51单片机为核心的软硬件设计原理，利用步进电机和直流电机来模拟实际锁具的上锁与开锁，并给出了硬件原理图和软件设计流程。通过实际运行表明，该系统具有成本低、测试速度快、结构简单、性能稳定等优点，有着良好的市场前景。 关键词：89C51；步进电机；直流电机；锁具寿命 Abstract This paper reviews the status quo of the automatic detection system of the locks’ life ,on the basis of summing up the pros and cons of various modes of automatic detection system of the locks’ life ,an automatic detection system of the locks’ life based on 89C51 is presented , and describe the principle and pose of the system in details .The paper focuses on the designing principles of the hardware and software which use the 89C51 microcontroller as the core ,and the system use stepper motor and the DC motor to stimulate the lock and unlock of the actual lock ,and presents the schematic of the hardware and the designing process of the software .The practical application shows that the system has the advantages of low cost ,high speed ,simple structure ,and stability and has good market prospects . Keywords: 89C51; Stepper motor; DC motor；Locks life TOC \o 1-3 \u 目录 1 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc202187731 \h 1 1.1 锁具寿命测试仪 PAGEREF _Toc202187732 \h 1 1.2 选题的背景和意义 PAGEREF _Toc202187733 \h 1 2 方案论证 PAGEREF _Toc202187734 \h 2 2.1 方案的提出 PAGEREF _Toc202187735 \h 2 2.2 方案的可行性分析 PAGEREF _Toc202187736 \h 2 2.3 结论 PAGEREF _Toc202187737 \h 3 3 系统硬件设计 PAGEREF _Toc202187738 \h 4 3.1 系统的总体设计 PAGEREF _Toc202187739 \h 4 3.2 系统的模块化设计 PAGEREF _Toc202187740 \h 4 3.2.1 89C51及其外围电路 PAGEREF _Toc202187741 \h 4 3.2.2 LED显示电路 PAGEREF _Toc202187742 \h 7 3.2.3 锁型选择电路及故障报警电路 PAGEREF _Toc202187743 \h 9 3.2.4 232串口电路 PAGEREF _Toc202187744 \h 10 3.2.5 步进、直流电机及其控制电路 PAGEREF _Toc202187745 \h 11 4 系统软件设计 PAGEREF _Toc202187746 \h 16 4.1 C语言介绍 PAGEREF _Toc202187747 \h 16 4.1.1 C语言的发展 PAGEREF _Toc202187748 \h 16 4.1.2 C语言的主要功能 PAGEREF _Toc202187749 \h 17 4.2 程序设计思想 PAGEREF _Toc202187750 \h 18 4.3 模块化设计 PAGEREF _Toc202187751 \h 19 4.3.1 显示模块 PAGEREF _To