基于单片机的便携式有害气体检测装置_毕业设计论文.doc

毕业设计说明书 基于单片机的便携式舱室有害气体采集装置 学 院： 信息商务学院 系 名： 机械工程与自动化 专 业： 过程装备与控制工程 2013年6月 摘 要 随着我国经济的快速发展，人们对生活水平和空气质量提出了更大挑战。通常，密闭空间内都可能会存在很多的有毒气体，它既可以是在密闭空间内已经存在的，也可能是在工作过程中产生的。有时，某些物质的短期突然挥发还会出现一些莫名其妙的物质，因此密闭空间内的有毒气体的种类可能是多种多样的。空气中的有毒物质一般是根据它们对于处在其空间中的人的生理学影响分为两类：（1）刺激性气体是指对眼和呼吸道粘膜有刺激作用的气体它是化学工业常遇到的有毒气体。刺激性气体的种类甚多，最常见的有氯、氨、氮氧化物、光气、氟化氢、二氧化硫、三氧化硫和硫酸二甲酯等。窒息性气体是指能造成机体缺氧的有毒气体窒息性气体可分为单纯窒息性气体、血液窒息性气体和细胞窒息性气体。如氮气、甲烷、乙烷、乙烯、一氧化碳、硝基苯的蒸气、氰化氢、硫化氢等。单片机系统与PC机系统通过通信端口进行互连单片机用作下位机进行数据采集和设备控制，而PC机用做上位机进行复杂的数据处理和对单片机的控制。单片机与PC机通信的 关键词：有害气体，数据采集，单片机，多通道，USB通信、VC Abstract With Chinas rapid economic development, people put forward more challenges to living standards and air quality.Usually, there may be many poisonous gases within an enclosed space, it can be both already exists in a confined space, may also be produced in the course of their work. Sometimes, some substances volatile short-term suddenly will appear some be rather baffling material, so the species of poisonous gas in closed space may be varied. Toxic substances in the air is generally based on their physiological in its space for peoples influence is divided into two categories: (1) irritant gas, refers to a gas stimulation irritating to eyes and respiratory tract, it is a toxic gas chemical industry encountered. Many kinds of irritant gas, the most common are chlorine, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, phosgene, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide and two acid methyl ester, three. (2) suffocating gas, refers to toxic gases can cause hypoxia, asphyxiating gas can be divided into simple asphyxiant gases, blood asphyxiating gas and cell asphyxiating gases. Such as nitrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene, carbon monoxide, nitrobenzene vapor, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide. Toxic substances can cause two kinds of time of the symptoms: acute or chronic. So we must provide the basis for all kinds of material exposure levels in the workspace for safety protection. There is a c