六自由度机械手复杂运动控制.docVIP

摘 要 本文以示教型六自由度串联机械手为试验设备，进行机械手的复杂运动控制，使机械手完成各种复杂轨迹的运动控制等功能，能够在现代工业焊接、喷漆等方面的任务。 本文从运动学分析的基础上着手研究轨迹控制的问题，利用运动学逆解的方式分析复杂轨迹运动的可行性和实用性。目前，六自由度机械手的复杂运动控制已经有了比较好的逆解算法，也有一些针对欠自由度机械手的逆解算法。逆解算法求出的解不是唯一的，它能使机械手达到更多位姿，完成大部分的原计划任务，但其中的一些解并不是最优化的，因此必须讨论其反解的存在性和唯一性。 本文通过建立机械手的笛卡尔坐标系，推导出机械手的正、逆运动学矩阵方程，并研究了正、逆运动学方程的解；在此基础上建立机械手的工作空间，并讨论其工作空间的灵活性和存在可能性。 因此本文的另一种方式对六自由度串联机械手的复杂运动控制问题进行研究，提出以机械手示教手柄引导末端执行器对复杂运动轨迹进行预设计。然后通过记录程序进行复杂轨迹的再实现，再对记录程序进行预修改，最终通过现有的程序进行设计编程完成复杂轨迹设计任务。并利用MATLAB对轨迹进行仿真，对比其实际与计算的正确性。 最后本设计通过六自由度串联机械手实现平面文字轨迹，得出其设计的方式。即首先利用示教手柄实现轨迹预设，记录预设轨迹程序，然后再对比程序初始化坐标进行手动编程。 关键词：六自由度机械手，笛卡尔坐标系，运动学方程，仿真，示教手柄ABSTRACT Abstract In this paper, mechanical hand control the complex movement based on the series of six degrees of freedom manipulator so that the mechanical hand complete the complex trajectory of the movement control functions. In modern industrial welding, painting, and other aspects of the mandate can be used. This article based on the analysis of kinematics to study the trajectory control problems, use of inverse kinematics of the complex mode of tracking movement of the feasibility and practicality. At present, the six degrees of freedom manipulator complex movement has been relatively good control of the inverse algorithm.There are also some less freedom for the inverse of the manipulator algorithm. Solutions sought by inverse algorithm is not the only solution, it can reach more manipulator Pose, originally planned to complete most of the task.But some of these solutions is not the most optimal, it is necessary to discuss their anti-the existence of solutions and uniqueness. Through the establishment of the manipulator Cartesian coordinates, derived manipulator is the inverse kinematics matrix equation and the study is the inverse kinematics of the equation solution on the basis of this establishment manipulator working space. And discuss their work space The flexibility and the possibility exists. So in another way to the six degrees of freedom series