关于消防电源故障诊断系统设计.doc

摘 要 针对现在频频发生的火灾，在关键时刻却因为消防电源出现故障导致重大人员伤亡和财产损失的现象，本设计对消防电源系统进行故障诊断，为消防工作的正常进行提供一份保障。 随着单片机的快速发展，其功能日趋强大，应用场合也不断在扩大，地位和作用也越来越突出。特别是与无线通讯以及其他主控制器的结合，其发展前景也更加广阔。本设计为消防电源故障诊断，主要是通过对电压、电流信号进行采集和处理，来判断其是否超限。为了满足检测精度和检测时间这两项技术指标，选用单片机MSP430F149做主控控制器，其内置的11通道12位AD转换器，其分辨率小于 0.1﹪，能够满足此技术要求；由于消防电源所处的环境比较恶劣，所选器件应耐灰尘、耐高温等特殊条件，因此，选用满足此条件的电流互感器CT03-5/2.5和电压互感器TVS1908分别对电流和电压进行采集。对电池的断线检测则利用的是电压跟随器的方法，其核心元件是具有优良高频特性、高精度、抗干扰的高速光电耦合器6N136，检测原理是断线时的输出电压为零，未断线时为串联的两节蓄电池电压之和。最后将检测到的电压、电流信号经过单片机处理后送给液晶显示器LCD1602进行显示，并判断是否超限报警。 该设计在检测过程中，发现没有超限时则继续下一轮的检测，往复循环。与随机进行检测相比，在可靠性和经济效益方面大为提高。因此，在应用中有广阔发展前景。 关键词：故障诊断 断线检测 高速光电耦合器 The Design of the Fault Diagnosis of the Emergency Power Supply System Abstract For the phenomenon of the frequent fire accident nowadays, but because the emergency power supply can not be functioned at a critical moment so that caused heavy casualties and property loss, it is the design of the fault diagnosis of the emergency power supply system that provided a guarantee for the rescue of the accident. With the rapid development of the single chip microcomputer, its functions became more powerful and applications are also constantly expanding, consequently, status and role is becoming more and more prominent. Especially when combined with wireless communications and other main controller, its prospects more vast. In the process of the design of the fault diagnosis, the voltage and current signal are need to be acquired and processed, in case to diagnose whether it has overrun. In order to meet the two technical indicators, that are the test accuracy and test time, using microcontroller MSP430F149 as the main controller. As for its built-in 11 channels AD converter which has 12 digits, its resolving capability is less than 0.1 ﹪, which can meet the technical requirements; Because EPS is placed in the terrible environment, the selected components should be resistant to dust and high temperature and other special conditions. According to these, the current transforme