中国金川与加拿大Voisey’s+Bay矿床地质过程与成矿作用对比.pdf

摘 要 金川和Voisey’s Bay 都是是世界上著名的岩浆Cu-Ni 硫化物矿床，吸引了国内外 一批顶尖的学者对矿床成因进行深入研究，并且取得一系列高水平成果。本文主要是 在前人研究资料基础上开展工作，通过对二者的含矿岩体地质特征、矿物和岩石学、 岩石地球化学、矿化特征及矿床地球化学、同位素地球化学等进行系统对比，探索它 们在成矿模式上的异同以及各自的地质过程与成矿作用，为小岩体成矿理论和岩浆通 道成矿理论的对比与交流提供基础成果。 金川与Voisey’s Bay 矿床形成时代均为元古代，成矿构造背景均为裂谷或者大陆 边缘裂谷环境，母岩浆均为苦橄质或者高镁玄武质岩浆，岩浆源区均为富集型大陆岩 石圈地幔，含矿岩体均为多期次侵入的复式镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体，岩浆都受到不同程 度的地壳物质混染，硫化物都主要在深部熔离，然后以含硫化物的“晶粥”形式贯入 成矿等。然而，二者在是否受到富硫围岩物质的混染、主要的矿石类型及硫化物矿体 在岩体中的赋存部位以及硫化物是否与后期新鲜的亲铜元素未亏损岩浆发生反应等问 题上还是存在着一些差异。本文对比研究了金川岩浆熔离-深部预富集-多期次贯入成 矿模型和Voisey’s Bay 岩浆通道成矿模型，认为Voisey’s Bay 矿床可能也具有和金川相 似的深部成矿地质过程-深部预富集。 关键词：Cu-Ni 硫化物矿床、地质过程、成矿作用、对比、金川、Voisey’s Bay I Abstract Jinchuan and Voisey’s Bay are both large magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits. On the basis of previous research data, this paper provides systematical comparison of their geological features, mineral and petrology, geochemistry, ore mineralization characteristics, isotope geochemistry, to explore their similarities and differences of metallogenic models, as well as their geology and mineralization processes. It provides basic results for the comparison and exchange of the metallogenic theory of small intrusion and the theory of magma channels. Jinchuan and Voisey’s Bay deposit are both formed in the Proterozoic and tectonic setting environment of rift or continental margin rift. Both of their parental magmas are picritic or high-Mg basaltic magma, magma source are enriched lithosphere continental mantle. Their intrusions hosting sulfide ore are both complex intrusions. The magma of Jinchuan and the Voisey’s Bay are contaminated more or less during they ascended throw lower and upper crust from the source. The major sulfide ar