基于MATLAB的IIR数字滤波器的设计与实现.docVIP

石家庄铁道大学四方学院毕业设计 基于MATLAB的IIR数字滤波器的　 设计及应用 Design and Application of IIR Digital Filter Based on MATLAB 指导教师签字 时 间 年 月 日 摘　要 数字滤波器利用离散系统的特性对系统输入信号进行加工和变换，改变输入序列的频谱或信号波形，让有用的频率分量通过，抑制无用的信号分量输出。工业零件遍布在我们的日常用品中，但在工业零件的加工过程中常出现划痕，擦伤，点痕的现象，为了高效的从中采集需要的合格的工业零件，利用数字滤波器来分析以加噪的形式（如椒盐噪声）模拟获取工业零件时的粉尘、点痕等，之后通过去噪和滤波达到获取合格零件的目的。 本文研究了在MATLAB环境下无限脉冲响应（IIR）数字滤波器的设计方法及其应用，在滤波器设计中，先进行模拟滤波器的设计，然后进行模拟-数字滤波器转换，即采用脉冲响应不变法及双线性变化法设计数字滤波器，再进行滤波器的频带转换，最后选择已设计出的滤波器对工业零件进行处理，在处理过程中调节滤波器的相关参数，从而得到理想的效果。 同时，本设计实现的IIR滤波器的阶次较低，所用的存储单元较少，效率高，精度高，而且能够保留一些模拟滤波器的优良特性，因此应用很广。尤其在图像处理、数据压缩等方面取得了令人瞩目的进展和成就。鉴于此，数字滤波器的设计就显得尤为重要。 关键词：IIR数字滤波器　MATLAB　脉冲响应不变法　双线性变换法 Abstract Digital filter uses discrete system characteristics to conduct processing and transformation to the system input signal, change the input sequence spectrum or signal waveform, let the useful frequency components through, inhibit the outputing of unwanted signal components. Industrial parts throughout our daily necessities, but in the processing of industrial parts often appears scratches, abrasions, mark phenomenon, in order to collection qualified industrial parts effectively, using digital filter analysis to noise forms (such as salt and pepper noise) simulating the acquisition of industrial parts of the dust, mark, followed by the de-noising and filtering to obtain the purpose of qualified parts. This paper studies the design method and application of the infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filter in the MATLAB environment , in the design of filter, the first analog filter design, then the analog - digital filter conversion, namely using the impulse response method and bilinear transformation method to design digital filter, and then the band of the filter, the final choice the filter designed for industrial parts processing, in the process adjusting filter parameters, so as to get the ideal effect. At the same time, the design and implementation of IIR filter order is relatively low, the storage unit is less