CCNA最好重点笔记.doc

name = CCNA2 Best Notes exam = 640-507 Cisco CCNA2 STUDY GUIDE This study guide consists of material which will provide you with the knowledge to pass the CCNA exam. All you need to do is study and memorize the the material provided withinand you will be ready to take the exam. Average study time is 36 to 48 hours. Then you are ready. GOOD LUCK! NOTE: It is very important that you totally understand all the concepts you will find in this study guide. Read and reread these pages until you know them by heart. OSI Model Overview For anyone who wants to be a network engineer, it is imperative you understand the 7 Layer OSI model. It is important to commit this entire model to memory and truly learn the process of network communications. Of course, you will be tested on these concepts on the CCNA exam, and any networking exam for that matter. But, these are valuable concepts you will use for your entire career. In 1977, the International Standards Organization (ISO), composed of industry representatives, created a subcommittee to develop data communication standards that promote multivendor interoperability and universal accessibility. In 1978, the first document was released which outlined the reference model to achieve the interoperability and standardization that was needed. The original document applied to systems that were open to each other because they could all use the same protocols and standards to exchange information. In 1984, the ISO released a revision of this model and called it the Open Systems Interconnections (OSI) Reference Model. A reference model is a conceptual blueprint of how communications should take place. It addresses all the processes required for effective communications and divides these processes into logical groupings called layers. Vendors design network products based on the specifications of the OSI model. It provides a description of how network hardware and software work together in a layered fashion to make communications