AWS PHB-2-2000 目视检查和焊接缺陷成因与对策.pdfVIP

The Everyday Pocket Handbook for Visual Inspection and Weld Discontinuities— Causes and Remedies Number 2 in a series Compiled as a useful tool for on-the-job welding personnel by the AWS Product Development Committee 1 (Edited by Ted V. Weber, Principal Consultant, Weber Associates) © 1996 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Reprinted 2000 NOTE: Although care was taken in choosing and presenting the data in this guide, AWS cannot guarantee that it is error free. Further, this guide is not intended to be an exhaustive treatment of the topic and therefore may not include all available information, including with respect to safety and health issues. By publishing this guide, AWS does not insure anyone using the information it contains against any liability or injury to property or persons arising from that use. 2 Table of Contents Basic Safety Precautions4 Visual Inspection Notes 6 Discontinuity Types: Cracks 7 Inclusions10 Incomplete Fusion12 Incomplete Joint Penetration 14 Overlap16 Porosity 18 Undercut20 Weld Profiles 22 Fillet Weld Measurement25 Dimensional Considerations 26 Plate and Pipe Dimensions29 Metric Conversion Table30 Nondestructive Testing Symbols 31 3 Basic Safety Precautions Burn Protection. Molten metal, sparks, slag, Electrical Hazards. Electric shock can kill. and hot work surfaces are produced by welding, However, it can be avoided. Live electrical parts cutting, and allied processes. These can cause should not be to