土木工程专业英语第四单元.ppt

Lesson 4 Tall Building 高层建筑 New words and phrases: spectacular [spek’t?kjul?]场面富丽的，壮观的； sway [swei] vi.摇摆；歪，倾斜； residential commercial [k??m?:??l]商业的；贸易的;广告 innovation boundary分界线；范围 eliminate 消除 apartment column demonstrate 证明证实 Project vt. 放映；计划；发射；展现，使突出 vi.伸出，突出 n.工程，事业；计划，方案；科研项目，课题 stress 应力 压力 truss [tr?s ]一捆，一束，构架 bundle n.捆；一批 terminate 结束；使终结；解雇；到达终点站 facade [f?‘sɑ:d]建筑物的正面；外表；虚伪，假象 perimeter 周长 Encroach [en’kr??t? ]侵犯；侵占；蚕食；侵蚀 high-rise building 高层建筑 reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 spandrel n.拱肩；拱脊 beam 窗下墙的墙托梁 shear wall 剪力墙 土木工程专业英语 * Although there have been many advancements in building construction technology in general, spectacular achievements have been made in the design and construction of ultrahigh-rise buildings． 虽然在建筑施工技术中，总的来说已经有了许多进步，但是在超高层建筑的设计和施工中也取得了惊人的成就。 ultra-[前缀] 超、过 、极端 beyond the range, scope, or limit of ex. ultrahigh 超高的， ultrasonic 超音速的 Tall Buildings 高层建筑 The early development of high-rise buildings began with structural steel framing． 高层建筑的早期发展始于结构的钢框架。 Reinforced concrete and stressed-skin tube systems have since been economically and competitively 竞争性地used in a number of structures for both residential and commercial purposes． 从那以后，钢筋混凝土和薄壳筒体体系就被竞相经济地用在了许多民用和商用结构中。 The high-rise buildings ranging from 50 to 110 stories that are being built all over the United States are the result of innovations and development of new structural systems． 美国各地正在修建的50～110层的高层建筑是新的结构体系改革和发展的结果。 Tall Buildings 高层建筑 Greater height entails使必需increased column and beam sizes to make buildings more rigid刚硬的，顽固的so that under wind load they will not sway beyond an acceptable limit． Rigidity刚度 更大的高度需要增加柱和梁的尺寸来使建筑物的刚性更大，以便于它们在风荷载作用下不会倾斜到允许的范围之外。 Excessive lateral sway may cause serious recurring damage to partitions, ceilings, and other architectural details． 过分的水平倾斜将导致隔板、天花板和其他建筑