液压钻井泵设计和试验.docVIP

液压钻井泵的设计与试验 高学仕，赵怀文，郭公喜1 　　摘　要　液压驱动的钻井泵采用变量液压泵和动力油缸组成液压钻井泵的动力端；液力端和现在使用的三缸单作用活塞式钻井泵相同。该种泵的冲程长、冲次低、排量可调、排出压力波动很小、运转平稳、质量轻、液力端易损件寿命可大幅度提高。并且可以取消空气包、安全阀及灌注泵。经试验，所研制的液压钻井泵能正常运行，国产液压件能满足工作的要求。随着钻井技术的迅速发展，特别是深井、超深井及水平井技术的发展，对钻井泵的要求越来越高。要求钻井泵功率大、质量轻、排量大、泵压高而且可调、适应能力强、易损件寿命长。现用的曲柄连杆式三缸单作用活塞式钻井泵已经很难满足钻井工艺的要求。研究、设计、制造新型结构的钻井泵已是大势所趋，而液压驱动的钻井泵是当前国内外研究的重点。　　叙　词　液压驱动　钻井泵　设计　试验 　　Hydraulic dive drilling pump adopts variable hydraulic pump and dynamic cylinder as its power end and its fluid end is identical with the triplex single-acting piston pump. This type of pump provides long stroke, low pump speed, adjustable displacement, steady discharge pressure, smooth operaion, less weight, often lose efficacy parts with significantly lengthened life. Besides, it can work without dampener,safety valve and charge pump. It has shown by testing that this type of pump can nomally run and domestic hydraulic parts can meet the working requirements. With the rapid development of drilling technique, especially that of deep well, supredeep well and horizontal well, the designing and testing of pump has required more and more for drilling pump. It has ben required to have high power, small weight, large discharge, high and adjustable pressure, good adaptability and long life of often lose efficacy parts. Currently, the crank-guide triplex single-acting piston pumps have been difficult to fulfill the requirements of drilling technology. To research, design, and manufacture new type of drilling pumps has been sweeping trend and hydraulic drive drilling has been the keystone. 1　设计原则及参数选择1.1　设计原则　　从国内外液压驱动的钻井泵研制情况来看，国外以大功率为主，高达1　588　kW。国内石油物探局与天津理工学院合作，已经研制成功14.7　kW的YNB-20型单缸双作用液压驱动的钻井泵。现在正在研制367　kW的YNB-500型钻井泵。根据我国石油钻机在用钻井泵的现状，其功率从367　kW到1　178　kW有多种型号。许多油田又趋向于使用946　kW的三缸单作用钻井泵。因此，我们以国内使用较多的1300型(946　kW)钻井泵为参照系进行参数选择和结构设计，使其理论排量和排出压力都能满足我国钻井工艺的要求，并能充分利用现有钻井泵的零件，从而提高互换性和标准化率。在功率上，从367　kW～1　178　kW，分级形成系列。1.2　主要参数的选择　　a)　功率　国内石油钻机在用的钻井泵以SL3NB-1300、3NB-1300C、FB-1300、F-1300型为最多。上述几种型号的钻井泵的功率均为946　kW。