Web程序设计_basic.pptVIP

课程内容 绪论 客户端技术 HTML CSS Java Script 服务器技术 CGI和PHP ASP Java servlet，JSP B/S体系结构 主机模式: all computation take place in the main computer, using dummy terminal C/S架构（Client/Server） most computation take place in the server, client is a computer carrying part computation B/S架构（Browser/Server） thin client, limited ability of client, using Web browser B/S结构的优点 维护方便，能够降低总体拥有成本。 B/S比C/S的维护工作量大大减少了 B/S相对C/S能够降低总体拥有成本 选择更多 移动办公 系统整合 World Wide Web (WWW) Core Components Servers Store files and execute remote commands Browsers (i.e., clients) Retrieve and display “pages” of content linked by hypertext Networks Send information back and forth upon request Problems How to identify an object How to retrieve an object How to interpret an object WWW的主要技术 URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) protocol://hostname:port/directory/object /index.html /welcome.txt /q/cq?s=ibmd=v1 Implementation: extend hierarchical namespace to include anything in a file system server side processing HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) An application protocol for information sending/receiving HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) An language specification used to interpret the information receiving from server HTTP特性 Request-response exchange Server runs over TCP, Port 80 Client sends HTTP requests and gets responses from server Synchronous request/reply protocol Stateless No state is maintained by clients or servers across requests and responses Each pair of request and response is treated as an independent message exchange Resource metadata Information about resources are often included in web transfers and can be used in several ways HTTP命令 GET Transfer resource from given URL HEAD Get resource metadata (headers) only PUT Store/modify resource under a given URL DELETE Remove resource POST Provide input for a process identified by the given URL (usually used to post CGI parameters) HTTP请求的处理 The client Contact its local DNS to find out the IP address of Initiate a TCP connection on port 80 Send the get requ