Web信息服务技术.ppt

Web 信息服务技术 顾春华 chgu@ Chapter 1 Web技术及其应用 Web工作原理 基础技术 Web网站建设 Internet/Intranet/Extranet 电子商务应用 1.What is the World Wide Web? The World Wide Web (WWW) is most often called the Web The Web is a network of computers all over the world All the computers in the Web can communicate with each other. All the computers use a communication standard called HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Who makes the Web standards? The Web standards are not made up by Netscape or Microsoft The rule-making body of the Web is the W3C W3C stands for the World Wide Web Consortium W3C puts together specifications for Web standards The most essential Web standards are HTML, CSS and XML The latest HTML standard is XHTML 1.0 Web 工作原理 How does the WWW work? Web information is stored in documents called Web pages Web pages are text files stored on computers called Web servers Computers reading the Web pages are called Web clients Web clients view the pages with a program called a Web browser Popular browsers are: Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator/Communicator, Opera, and Mozilla Other browsers are: Omniweb, iCab, etc. 客户端 How does the browser fetch pages? A browser fetches a Web page from a server by sending a request A request is a standard HTTP request containing a page address A page address looks like this: /page.html A page address is a kind of URL (Uniform Resource Locator) How does the browser display pages? All Web pages are ordinary text files All Web pages contain display instructions The browser displays the page by reading these instructions. The most common display instructions are called HTML tags HTML tags look like this: pThis is a Paragraph/p Web Browser Send HTTP Request out HTML/XML Interpreter Script Interpreter Enhanced by ActiveX PlugIn Java Applet Web Server Actions Accept HTTP Request Locate HTML Resource Send HTML Source Out Generate Dynamics HTML Server side Application Configuration Home directory Default Document Access Policy What is an HTML File? HTML stands for