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金属切削加工的颤振及避振分析.pdf
学术交流
理论/ 研发/ 设计/ 制造 ACADEMIC COMMUNICATION
金属切削加工的颤振及避振分析
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丁涛 , 万玉 , 吴索团 , 张国柱
(1.安徽工业大学,安徽马鞍山243000; 2.马钢集团建设有限责任公司,安徽马鞍山243000)
摘 要:针对规避切削颤振问题,应用相对切削速度概念,提出了速度型动态切削力表达式以及车削或镗削的振动力学
模型。通过对速度型动态切削力分析,解释了切削颤振产生的机理,给出了颤振发生的必要和充分条件。同时指出,在较
大的切削速度范围内,存在一个或两个相对稳定的切削速度区域。如果公称切削速度处于该稳定区域,即使背吃刀量较
大,系统也不易发生颤振。这种相对稳定的切削速度区域是可以预估的,文中给出了预估公式及预估方法,并由实验分
析验证。依据能量原理提出的极限背吃刀量指标是预防颤振发生的有效预估指标,极限背吃刀量的表达式也解释了变
速切削技术抑制颤振的原理。
关键词:颤振;切削速度;切削力;背吃刀量;颤振预防
中图分类号:TG501.3 ;TB533.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1002-2333 (2009)10-0035-04
Analysis of Chatter and Preventive Measures in Metal Cutting
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DING Tao , WAN Yu , WU Suo-tuan , ZHANG Guo-zhu
(1.Anhui University of Technology,Maanshan 243000 ,China; 2.Masteel Group Construction Company of Ltd. Liability ,
Maanshan 243000 ,China)
Abstract : Applying the concept of relative cutting velocity , the expression of velocity type dynamic cutting force and
the mechanics model of chatter vibration in turning or boring process were advanced. The causes of chatter vibration
were interpreted by analyzing velocity type dynamic cutting force. The essential and sufficient conditions of chatter
vibration occurred and developed were advanced. There is one or two stable parts of cutting velocity for preventing
chatter vibration within the all range of cutting velocity. Even if the date of back cutting depth is bigger in the parts of
cutting velocity , the cutting sys
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