Chapter 7. Kinetic Energy and Work.ppt

Chapter 7. Kinetic Energy and Work 7.1. What is Physics??????? 7.2. What Is Energy??????? 7.3. Kinetic Energy?????? 7.4. Work?????? 7.5. Work and Kinetic Energy?????? 7.6. Work Done by the Gravitational Force?????? 7.7. Work Done by a Spring Force?????? 7.8. Work Done by a General Variable Force?????? 7.9. Power What is Physics??? Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy K is energy associated with the state of motion of an object. Work Work W is energy transferred to or from an object by means of a force acting on the object. Energy transferred to the object is positive work, Energy transferred from the object is negative work. Finding an Expression for Work Properties of Work Only the force component along the object’s displacement will contribute to work. The force component perpendicular to the displacement does zero work. A force does positive work when it has a vector component in the same direction displacement, A force does negative work when it has a vector component in the opposite direction. Work is a scalar quantity. Conceptual Example The figure shows four situations in which a force acts on a box while the box slides rightward a distance across a frictionless floor. The magnitudes of the forces are identical; their orientations are as shown. Rank the situations according to the work done on the box by the force during the displacement, from most positive to most negative. Question A shopping bag is hanging straight down from your hand as you walk across a horizontal floor at a constant velocity. Does the force that your hand exerts on the bag’s handle do any work? Explain. Does this force do any work while you are riding up an escalator at a constant velocity? Give a reason for your answer. Example During a storm, a crate of crepe is sliding across a slick, oily parking lot through a displacement while a steady wind pushes against the crate with a force . The situation and coor