LPC10 2.4kbps federal standard in speech coding.ppt

LPC10 2.4kbps federal standard in speech coding Soo Hyun Bae School of Electrical Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology soohyun@ Agenda Taxonomy of Speech Coders LPC10 Properties Voicing Classification Levinson-Durbin Recursion Pitch Detection Synthesize Speech Speech Coder Comparision Linear Prediction Where is LPC10? Taxonomy of Speech Coders Properties 1 So called LPC10 because 10 LP coefficients are used Bandwidth: 2.4kbps Samples/frame : 180 samples Bits/frame: 54 bits Frame Size: 22.5ms 44.44 frames/sec Target stream : 8khz sampling rate, 16bit quantization Properties 2 “Buzzy” since noise through parameter updates Regularly voiced excitation is unnatural, makes some jitter Voicing error produce significant distortions Only models speech, doesn’t work if backgound noise. Not suitable to mobile phone application Encoded stream Vocoder Voicing Classification 1 Voiced Source Generated by vocal cords’ vibrations Periodic, spacing is the pitch, Unvoiced Source Generated without vibrations Excitation is modeled by a White Gaussian Noise source No pitch How to discriminate? Voice Classification 2 Pitch Voicing 1 If x n is periodic in N, R k is also periodic in N Hard to compute Pitch Voicing 2 Reflection Coefficient 1 Reflection Coefficient 2 Energy – Gain Coefficient From autocorrelation matching property, G is calculated from MSE given by Levinson-Durbin Revursion Transmit the coefficient G Recall Synthesize speech Recall the Encoder/Decoder structure Speech Coder Comparison References Welch V.C., Tremain T.E., Campbell J. P. Jr., “A comparison of US Government standard voice coders”, MILCOM’89, Vol. 1, pp269-273, 1989. Cox R. V., “Three New Speech Coders from the ITU Cover a Range of Applications”, Comm. Magazine of IEEE, Vol. 35, pp40-47, 1997 Campbell J. P. Jr., Tremain T.E., “Voiced/Unvoiced Classification of Speech with Applications to the U.S. Government LPC-10E Algorithm”, ICASSP86, Vol