低出生体重儿产后母乳喂养状况调查分析.docVIP

低出生体重儿产后母乳喂养状况调查分析 颜春英 黄坚 唐湘莲 王海红 刘丽君 摘要：[目的] 调查低出生体重儿产后6个月内的母乳喂养状况，并测量其体重变化。[方法] 采用前瞻性调查分析方法，对2007年1月-2009年9月在我科分娩的无严重并发症的低出生体重儿80例（为观察组）和足月产正常体重儿80例（对照组）进行电话随访和问卷调查，了解母乳喂养状况及各阶段体重变化。[结果]观察组婴儿母乳喂养率低下，出生时仅为73.75%，而对照组为92.50%；产后一周时观察组为76.25%，对照组为91.25%，差异有统计学意义，P0.05。而产后1个月、2个月、4个月和6个月时2组婴儿母乳喂养率无统计学差异。2组婴儿产后各阶段体重变化除产后6个月时无统计学差异外，其余各阶段均有统计学差异，观察组婴儿体重低于对照组婴儿体重，P0.05。[结论] 低出生体重儿母乳喂养率低下，故需对低出生体重儿产妇进行母乳喂养重要性方面的知识宣教，使其确切认识到母乳喂养的重要性，并提供母乳喂养的指导。 关键词：低出生体重儿；母乳喂养；体重；护理 Study on postpartum breastfeeding of low-birth weight infants YAN Chun-ying,HUANG Jian,TANG Xiang-lian,WANG Hai-hong,LIU Li-jun Abstract:[Objective] To explore the situation of six months postpartum breastfeeding of low-birth weight infants,and evaluate the weight of infants.[Methods] Data were collected between 2007 and 2009,and 80 low-birth weight infants as experimental group,80 normal-birth weight infants as the control group. Following her baby’s discharge from hospital, each mother was interviewe about her breastfeeding experience and babies weight.[Results] The rate of breastfeeding of low-birth weight infants was lower than the normal-birth weight infants, 73.75% and 92.50% respectively. And the rate of one week of postpartum breastfeeding was 76.25% for the experimental group and 91.25% for the control group,thus there was significance of difference.But the rates of breastfeeding of infants in one month,two month,four month and six month were no significance.The weight of low-birth weight infants were lower than the control group.[Conclusions] The rate of breastfeeding of low-birth weight infants was low,so it is of importance to support the mothers understanding of breastfeeding benefit. Keywords:low-birth weight infant, breastfeeding,weight,nursing 低出生体重儿指体重不足2500克的新生儿，发生率为5%[1]。由于低出生体重儿的身体各器官发育不成熟，生活能力低下，适应性与抵抗力差，特别是吸吮、吞咽功能不完善，胃容量小，消化酶不足，吸收、消化能力差，且低出生体重儿体内糖元储备少，而又处于高代谢状态，较正常新生儿更易出现低血糖，体重不增，抵抗力更低下，甚至死亡，因此合理喂养对提高低出生体重儿存活率，减少并发症，促进生长发育，缩短住院时间等具有重要作用[2-3]。为了解入住我院的低出生体重儿母乳喂养状况及体重变化情况，自2007年1月始对低出生体重儿