云南省1989～1998年艾滋病流行与控制的研究.docVIP

云南省1989～1998年艾滋病流行与控制的研究 中华流行病学杂志 1999年第6期第0卷 论著 作者：张家鹏　程何荷　贾曼红　张勇 单位：650022 昆明，云南省卫生防疫站 　　关键词: HIV感染；流行率 　　【摘要】　目的　研究云南省艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染流行十年来的特征和趋势，讨论云南省对HIV的流行与控制。方法　用哨点监测的方法纵向观察和比较各类人群流行率，估算HIV感染者总数和流行率。结果　云南省1989～1998年累计报告HIV感染者5 868例，AIDS 229例；累计流行县达103个，其中高流行县15个，中度流行县8个。HIV流行由农村向城市蔓延、由边境向内地蔓延。HIV感染者在职业构成上农民的比例逐年下降，城市无业者所占比例至1998年已达50.2%；在HIV感染者中男性/女性的比例到1998年为3∶1；在暴露因素中1998年因吸毒感染的占73%，性传播占13.6%；HIV流行率逐年上升，1998年静脉吸毒哨点HIV流行率全省平均为24.4%、暗娼为2.4%、性病哨点为1.6%、孕产妇哨点为0.2%。全省至1998年累计HIV感染人数估计为37 737人，15～49岁成人HIV流行率为0.15%。结论　云南省HIV流行在继续发展，加强对该病的防制力度迫在眉睫。 Ten years of experience on AIDS control in Yunnan (1989～1998) ZHANG Jiapeng,CHENG Hehe,JIA Manhong,et al. Yunnan Anti-Epidemic Station,Kunming 650032 　　【Abstract】　Objective　To monitor the epidemic trends and explore effective strategies to control the epidemic of HIV.Methods HIV infection rates among different groups were monitored using sentinel surveillance strategy while the actual number of people infected with HIV and overall prevalence were estimated based on the surveillance.Results From 1989 to 1998, a cumulative of 5 868 HIV infections and 229 AIDS cases were reported from 103 of 126 counties in Yunnan. Among them, 15 counties were classified into high epidemic level, 8 were in middle level and rest in low level. The epidemic spread from countryside to cities and from borders to inland gradually. The proportion of farmers among all occupations dropped year by year. Unemployed people accounted for 50.2% of total reported infections in 1998. Male to female ratio dropped from 20 in 1989 to 3 in 1998. Injecting drug use and sexual transmission accounted for 73% and 13.6% of total HIV infections respectively reported in 1998. On average, the prevalence of HIV infection were 24.4% in injecting drug users, 2.4% among prostitutes, 1.6% among STD patients, and 0.2% among pregnant women of HIV infections was 37 737 until 1998. The prevalence rate among adults aged 15 to 49 years was 0.15%.Conclusion The epidemic of HIV infecti